Follow the instructions of the PartyFeeling grateful to the party and walking with the party in the new era will continue to maintain the lofty honor of the model autonomous region.
Sun Shaocheng
Inner Mongolia is the first provincial minority autonomous region established under the leadership of our party. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has always been deeply concerned about the people of all ethnic groups in Inner Mongolia and attached great importance to ethnic work in Inner Mongolia. On March 5 this year, when attending the deliberation of the Inner Mongolia delegation of the Fifth Session of the 13th National People’s Congress, the General Secretary gave us important instructions and made clear requirements on building a strong sense of the Chinese nation community and promoting national unity. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary has visited Inner Mongolia twice for investigation and research, and participated in the deliberations of the Inner Mongolia delegation of the 13th National People’s Congress for five consecutive years. In every important speech, he earnestly urged us to do a good job in national work and safeguard national unity. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that it is necessary to hold high the banner of great unity of all ethnic groups, fully implement the Party’s ethnic policy, deepen education on ethnic unity and progress, practice the concept of mutual help, build a strong sense of community of the Chinese nation, closely unite people of all ethnic groups around the Party, jointly guard the frontiers of the motherland, jointly create a better life, and continue to maintain the lofty honor of a model autonomous region in the new era.
This year marks the 75th anniversary of the founding of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. 75 years ago, the establishment of the autonomous region opened a new era for the development of Inner Mongolia. Over the past 75 years, under the strong leadership and cordial care of the CPC Central Committee, people of all ethnic groups in Inner Mongolia have listened to the Party’s words, felt grateful to the Party, and followed the Party. The region’s economic and social development and national unity and progress have made brilliant achievements, maintaining a good situation of national unity, social harmony and border peace for a long time.
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region was established under the direct leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC).
General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out: "the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership is the fundamental guarantee for the success of national work and the great unity of all ethnic groups. Without strong political leadership, it is unthinkable for a multi-ethnic country to achieve unity. " Looking back at the history of the establishment of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, under the complicated situation at that time, without the direct and correct leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), there would be no establishment of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
On the eve of the establishment of the autonomous region, the situation in Inner Mongolia is extremely complicated, and it even faces serious danger of splitting from the territory of China. At that time, various political forces competed in Inner Mongolia, including officials at all levels of the former puppet Mongolian regime and Manchukuo, some Mongolian princes and nobles, political speculators who went to the Kuomintang reactionaries, and Kuomintang troops who occupied Baotou and Guisui. All kinds of forces have put forward their own political intentions, many of which are mixed with false claims such as "Inner Mongolia’s high degree of autonomy", "Inner Mongolia’s independence" and "Inner Mongolia’s merger". These propositions are essentially aimed at splitting Inner Mongolia and splitting the country. As far as the situation at that time was concerned, Inner Mongolia really reached a historical crossroads. At the critical moment of deciding the future and destiny, in the face of complicated chaos, it was the Communist Party of China (CPC) who directly led the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Movement. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Central Bureau, the Northwest Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Northeast Bureau, the Ximan Branch and the Jireliao Branch all did a lot of work in different ways, directly leading, guiding and promoting the establishment of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. At that time, Comrade Xi Zhongxun, as the secretary of the Northwest Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, presided over a meeting to study the work of Yike Zhaomeng, and made a phased summary and strategic deployment. By strengthening political guidance and adopting flexible strategies, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has successively led the "Provisional Government of Inner Mongolia People’s Republic" established in Sunite Right Banner, the "East Mongolia People’s Autonomous Government" established in Gegen Temple of Xing ‘an League and the "Hulunbeier Autonomous Provincial Government" established in Hailar to the right track, crushing some political forces to "run outward".An attempt to "make independence".
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region was established under the historical conditions at that time because during the process of leading the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Movement, the CPC Central Committee formulated guidelines in a timely manner, effectively directed military operations, and firmly grasped the leadership and initiative of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Movement. At that time, the establishment of the autonomous region would not have been so smooth without the great army of the People’s Liberation Army pressing the border and effectively containing the enemy in the Jining campaign. At present, the instructions issued by the CPC Central Committee in those years are displayed in the "May 1 Meeting Site" and the Jining Campaign Memorial Hall in Inner Mongolia, and the telegrams and letters drafted by leading comrades such as Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai are treasured, which are historical testimony of our party’s direct leadership over the establishment of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
The present zoning scope of Inner Mongolia was also determined under the direct leadership of the CPC Central Committee. During the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Comrade Mao Zedong proposed to "restore the original appearance in the history of Inner Mongolia". To achieve this, the difficulty mainly focuses on solving the problem of "the merger of Mongolia and Sui". At that time, due to the inconsistent understanding of regional issues in Inner Mongolia within the Party, there was no substantial progress in the "merger of Mongolia and Suiyuan". At the beginning of 1952, Comrade Mao Zedong pointed out that after learning that the "merger of Mongolia and Suiyuan" had been delayed for a long time because some leading cadres disagreed, it could not be delayed any longer, and whoever disagreed would be withdrawn. Comrade Zhou Enlai said that this matter was decided by the Central Committee. I will do the work. Please rest assured. Under the leadership and support of the CPC Central Committee, Suiyuan Province was officially abolished in 1954, and its jurisdiction was transferred to Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Subsequently, Alashan and Ejina, which were originally from Gansu, and Shangdu, which was originally from Hebei, were also allocated to Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
Inner Mongolia was developed with the support of the CPC Central Committee.
Earth-shaking changes have taken place in the autonomous region since its establishment more than 70 years ago. In 2021, the GDP of the whole region exceeded 2 trillion yuan, an increase of 680 times compared with the beginning of the establishment of the autonomous region; The general public budget revenue is 234.99 billion yuan, while the autonomous region was only 90,000 yuan at the beginning of its establishment. The per capita disposable income of urban and rural residents reached 44,377 yuan and 18,337 yuan respectively, an increase of 146 times and 182 times compared with 1978. Inner Mongolia can achieve such development achievements fundamentally because of the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the great support of the state in economic construction and other aspects.
As early as the "First Five-Year Plan" period, the state invested more than 1 billion yuan in the construction of factories and railways in Inner Mongolia, and the construction of Baotou Steel, No.1 Engine, No.2 Engine and Daxinganling Forest Industrial Base started during that period. In the 1960s, China moved a number of factories from coastal areas to Inner Mongolia. After the reform and opening up, the CPC Central Committee has continuously increased its support for the economic construction and various undertakings in Inner Mongolia. In 1996, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council decided that Beijing would help Inner Mongolia. After entering the new century, the CPC Central Committee has successively brought Inner Mongolia, which straddles the "Three Norths", into the implementation scope of the western development and the national strategic policy of revitalizing the Northeast. In 2011, the State Council’s Opinions on Further Promoting the Sound and Rapid Economic and Social Development of Inner Mongolia was issued. The Party Central Committee’s concern for Inner Mongolia is "real money and silver" support. According to statistics, from 1995 to 2021, since the tax-sharing reform, our region has received a total of 2.86 trillion yuan of central transfer payment funds, especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and the transfer payment funds arranged by the central government in our region have increased year by year from 161.85 billion yuan in 2012 to 270.9 billion yuan in 2021, reaching a total of 2.18 trillion yuan in 10 years.
Thanks to the continuous support of the central government, Inner Mongolia has moved from poverty to prosperity, and the lives of people of all ethnic groups in the region have moved from lack of food and clothing to a comprehensive well-off society. Especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, with the care and support of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, all the 1.57 million poor people in Inner Mongolia have been lifted out of poverty, and all the 57 poverty-stricken counties have taken off their hats. The per capita GDP of the whole region has exceeded 10,000 US dollars, and the development of various economic and social undertakings has reached a new historical level. When attending the deliberation of the Inner Mongolia delegation at the First Session of the 13th National People’s Congress, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader once said with deep affection: "In the election of deputies to the 13th National People’s Congress, the CPC Central Committee proposed that the central leading comrades should choose the old, young and poor areas to participate in the election. I chose to participate in the election in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which expressed the importance attached by the CPC Central Committee to ethnic border areas and reflected the determination of the CPC Central Committee to accelerate the development of underdeveloped areas and win the battle against poverty. "
The major deviations in Inner Mongolia’s work are all guided and corrected by the CPC Central Committee.
Since the establishment of the autonomous region, whenever there is a major deviation in our work, the CPC Central Committee will give timely guidance to help us orient the pulse and correct the deviation, and every time we correct and improve, the work in Inner Mongolia has achieved new and significant progress. Looking back, without the guidance and help of the CPC Central Committee, Inner Mongolia would have suffered many setbacks and losses, detours and heavy burdens along the way.
At the beginning of the land reform, due to insufficient research and inaccurate grasp of the rural situation, there was a "left" tendency in different degrees in various parts of the autonomous region, and some farmers were wrongly designated, which expanded the scope of attack. The CPC Central Committee was keenly aware of the deviation in its work, improved the policies and strategies of land reform in time, and generally conducted a review and rectification of land reform in rural areas of liberated areas in Inner Mongolia, which gradually brought land reform back to the right track. At the beginning of democratic reform in pastoral areas, due to the neglect of the characteristics of animal husbandry economy, some places in Inner Mongolia simply divided classes, fought against herders and divided livestock equally according to the method of land reform in agricultural areas, which seriously damaged animal husbandry production. After discovering this problem, the Northeast Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attached great importance to it, demanding that the majority of Mongolians should be United and the policy of "advancing cautiously" should be adopted. Thanks to the strong guidance of Northeast Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Party Committee of the autonomous region summed up the experience and lessons in the democratic reform in time and put forward the policy of "three noes and two benefits" in line with the actual situation of the region, which broke the backward production relations in the pastoral area in a relatively gentle way, fully mobilized the production enthusiasm of both herders and owners, and ensured the smooth completion of the democratic reform in the pastoral area. During the "Cultural Revolution", a large number of unjust, false and misjudged cases appeared in Inner Mongolia, which seriously damaged the economic and social development. Later, under the guidance of the correct line, principles and policies of the CPC Central Committee, Inner Mongolia rehabilitated wrongs and solved problems left over from history in accordance with the principle of seeking truth from facts and correcting mistakes, and all aspects were able to set things right.
In the past period, some places in our region blindly spread stalls and projects regardless of financial affordability, and indulged in the way of increasing debt and ensuring growth, accumulating a large number of potential risks. Since 2017, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has repeatedly given important instructions on the debt problem of the Inner Mongolia government, giving us a "sobering agent" and stepping on the "sudden brake" at critical moments. Under the leadership and guidance of the CPC Central Committee, the whole region has learned a lesson and resolutely rectified it. In other words, comprehensive measures have been taken to promote rectification, consolidate the foundation and cultivate the yuan, and some problems formed over a long period of time have been generally solved.
People of all ethnic groups in Inner Mongolia have always turned their hearts to the Party, listened to its words, felt grateful to it and followed it.
Inner Mongolia is the first ethnic region to establish a party organization. It is a glorious tradition in Inner Mongolia to have a heart for the Party, a heart for the Central Committee and a heart for Beijing. Seventy-five years ago, the people of all ethnic groups in Inner Mongolia had deeply realized that only by accepting the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership and working together with the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country for liberation would Inner Mongolia have a future and hope. After a long period of revolution, construction and reform, cadres and masses of all ethnic groups in Inner Mongolia have formed a profound consensus and valuable quality of knowing the general situation, taking care of the overall situation, stressing style, seeking dedication and being responsible, and have written historical stories of national unity such as "the best pasture is aerospace", "3,000 orphans enter Inner Mongolia", "overcoming difficulties to donate grain and livestock" and "people of all ethnic groups build Baotou Steel", creating many "firsts" and valuable experiences in the history of national work in New China. Over the past 75 years, the history of Inner Mongolia’s development and ethnic history has been proved by ironclad facts: without the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), there would be no establishment of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, no development since the establishment of the Autonomous Region and no achievements today, and there would be no good situation in which people of all ethnic groups can unite, progress and prosper together. This is an inevitable conclusion of history and a profound revelation of reality.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the whole region has always kept in mind the entrustment of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, thoroughly studied and implemented the spirit of the General Secretary’s important instructions on Inner Mongolia’s important speech, and constantly strengthened and improved ethnic work. Focusing on the main line of building a strong sense of the Chinese nation community, the autonomous region has revised and promulgated a series of policies and regulations in the ethnic field, organized and carried out a series of educational activities on ethnic unity and progress, studied and launched a series of pragmatic measures to strengthen ethnic exchanges and exchanges, and promoted the overall situation of ethnic unity and progress in the region to be continuously consolidated. Although there have been some problems in ethnic work in Inner Mongolia in recent years, and there are still many risks and hidden dangers in the ethnic field, the overall environment of ethnic work in the whole region is still good, the situation of great unity of all ethnic groups has not changed, the state of people of all ethnic groups, regardless of you and me, are like brothers and sisters, and the upward trend of ethnic work has not changed. Today, in Inner Mongolia, all ethnic groups help each other and enjoy each other, hugging together like pomegranate seeds, jointly guarding the frontier of the motherland and jointly creating a better life.
When attending the deliberation of the Inner Mongolia delegation at the Fourth Session of the 13th National People’s Congress, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that we should cherish and continue to adhere to the glorious tradition of national unity and the lofty honor of "model autonomous region" and consolidate and develop the overall situation of national unity. I realize that Inner Mongolia, as a model autonomous region, is a model in listening to the Party.
In the new era and new journey, what should we do and how should we do it? For us, the most important thing is to do a good job in two major events: one is to build a strong sense of the Chinese nation community, and the other is to build "two barriers", "two bases" and "a bridgehead" We will thoroughly study and implement the important thought of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on strengthening and improving ethnic work, closely follow the main line of building a sense of the Chinese nation’s community, comprehensively promote the construction of a common spiritual home for the Chinese nation, actively promote exchanges and exchanges among ethnic groups, accelerate the pace of modernization in ethnic areas, focus on improving the level of legalization of ethnic affairs governance, promote the high-quality development of the party’s ethnic work in the new era, and make the flowers of national unity bloom forever. We will focus on implementing the strategic positioning given to Inner Mongolia by the Supreme Leader General Secretary and the CPC Central Committee, formulate specific plans for implementing the strategic positioning in five aspects, adhere to the wall chart operation and construction according to the map, and persist in doing work day by day and for a long time, and go all out to promote the grand blueprint drawn by the General Secretary for Inner Mongolia to become a beautiful reality, so as to better shoulder the great responsibility and glorious mission of frontier ethnic areas in the process of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way. (Originally published in the ninth issue of Party Construction in 2022)