Michael bay： How to be the richest Hollywood destroyer？

　 　 Special feature of 1905 film network Michael bay, his movies can never stimulate your lacrimal gland, but they can keep your adrenal gland burning all the time. Fans call him an explosion maniac, and his fierce fighting and extremely destructive action scenes are his unique skills. People who have worked with him call him a tyrant on the set, and his fiery temper and amazing efficiency are well-known in the industry. Hollywood filmmakers call him the most attractive director in Hollywood after Steven Allan Spielberg. If you are willing to spend money with him, he will definitely spend every penny on the cutting edge. Michael bay, he has never been a master of film art, but he is definitely a different craftsman born under the Hollywood system.
　
Debut: MV director
　
　 　 Michael bay is a native of Los Angeles. When he was a child, Beckham loved to play with volcano models, and once burned through the floor of his home, causing a tragedy. When he was three years old, he was seven years younger, and his strong desire for destruction had already appeared. David fincher, the famous director, became a member of george lucas Industrial Light and Magic Special Effects Company at the age of 19, while michael bay, who is three years younger than Finch, is a veritable "senior brother". At the age of 15, he became an intern in file management at Lucasfilm. The deepest memory that this job left for michael bay when he was a student is that on one screening, after watching the film, the audience all left with a puzzled look, and did not discuss endlessly as excitedly as the audience did. The 15-year-old Beckham has made a decision in his mind: I also want to make a blockbuster that will make the audience High.
　
　 　　Michael bay majored in film and English at Wesleyan University. Unlike many directors who lost their jobs as soon as they graduated, he took the first business in his career — — Shooting MV for Donny Osmond, a red star in the 1970s. The owner of the record company left the fledgling young man with $160,000, so that he could do it at his own discretion. You know, the cost of filming in michael bay had never exceeded $5,000 before. Carrying this "huge sum of money", he carefully completed the task and earned the first barrel of director commission in his life — — 500 dollars.
　
　 　　Michael bay, who was young and frivolous, quickly became famous in the industry by shooting MV. Later, invitations for advertising films from big companies such as Nike, Reebok and Coca-Cola came one after another. In the early 1990s, michael bay won the Golden Palm (Cannes Golden Lion Award) in advertising. In the filming of commercial films, Michael is also honing his personal ability to enter Hollywood, such as how to arrange the lights, how to capture the lens and the most important point — — How to tell the stars what to do.
　
　 　　During the filming of an advertisement in the Mojave Desert, michael bay’s mother came to visit the class and watched her son command more than 200 people running around the studio. A helicopter rose and fell around him, and her mother was shocked. Michael said to his mother, "This is a cool money-burning war, and someone paid me to do it. Can you believe it?"
　
Success: from wage earners to major shareholders
　
　 　　In 1994, Jerry Bruckheimer, a Hollywood gold medal producer, extended an olive branch to michael bay. In front of him, a play called "The Story of Two Miami Black Policemen Arresting Drug Dealers" was presented. Because the original script was so vulgar, Don Simpson, one of the co-producers, even refused to sign the film before the official shooting. Michael bay decided to start with actors. He chose will smith and martin lawrence, who were still unknown at that time, and the three brothers marched to Miami, first shooting the trailer, and then gradually enriching the details of the script. This also sets the tone of michael bay’s films from the side: vision is king. Looking at today’s film industry, it seems that the only person who inherits this crazy creative way is Mexican geek director robert rodriguez (representative).
　
　 　　When shooting the scene of fierce fighting at the end of the film, the studio suddenly fell into a storm and the scenery was destroyed. At this time, the early funds of the crew had already seen the bottom. Seeing that the big-screen debut was about to be ruined, michael bay patted his thigh and took out $25,000 from his $125,000 director fee to complete the filming. In the end, "Jedi Men" won $140 million in the world at a cost of $19 million, and Michael won a good start. However, after the film was sold, Michael, who was in the forefront, was like a migrant worker, claiming the $25,000 from the producer. This passive experience has taught michael bay an important lesson.
　
　 　　And the birth of two box office bombs, michael bay became the youngest "1 billion yuan box office director" in history, and the big productions placed in Michael’s hands were one after another. At this time, he decided to break away from the role of odd jobs for big studios and prepare to try a new way of playing for big directors.
　
　 　　In 2000, michael bay took over the World War II blockbuster, which cost as much as 140 million US dollars. This time, he asked for a 50% profit share after deducting the shooting and advertising expenses. He became a shareholder of the film, of course, he was more careful and tried to spend every penny on the cutting edge. During the filming, he used high-level public relations to get rid of the US military and saved tens of millions of dollars for the film. In the end, this summer box office predator made michael bay a fortune of up to $40 million.

next page　Sucking gold: michael bay’s business experience

Keep a promise in your life and promise your motherland with your own body.

　

　　CCTV News: He was once a world-famous scientific research star, but he disappeared at the peak. He left his hometown, remained anonymous, and even his family didn’t know what he was doing … … He used his whole life to fulfill his promise: I would like to promise my country.

　　He is Wang Ganchang, the founder of China’s nuclear science and winner of the "Two Bombs and One Satellite" Meritorious Medal. On December 10th, 1998, Wang Ganchang died at the age of 91.

　　Recall a generation of meritorious deeds.

　　Life of Wang Ganchang

　　Why should I keep doing what others can do? But there is one job I won’t quit, and that is scientific research.

　　— — Wang Ganchang

Wang Ganchang (May 28, 1907.5.28— 1998.12.10）

　　Wang Ganchang was born in Changshu, Jiangsu Province in 1907. I went to a private school first and went to Shanghai at the age of 13 to attend Pudong Middle School.

　　In 1925, Wang Ganchang was admitted to Tsinghua University, where he stayed as a teaching assistant in 1929. In 1930, Wang Ganchang took the official fee from Jiangsu Province to study abroad, and went to the William Royal Institute of Chemistry at the University of Berlin, Germany, where she studied under the famous female nuclear physicist L Maitenaz. In 1934, she received her doctorate and returned to China to teach.

　　In 1956, Wang Ganchang went to Dubna United Nuclear Research Institute of the Soviet Union as a researcher and was elected as the deputy director. The physics team led by him discovered the anti-Sigma negative hyperon for the first time, which caused a sensation in international academic circles.

△ Wang Ganchang when he was young

　　In December 1960, Wang Ganchang returned from the Soviet Union and was ordered to secretly participate in the development of atomic bombs. In 1962, he basically mastered the means and experimental technology of atomic bomb implosion.

　　In December 1964, Wang Ganchang independently put forward the proposal of laser-driven nuclear fusion, and the research of laser nuclear fusion in China started.

　　In 1984, Wang Ganchang accepted the honorary certificate awarded by the University of Berlin, which was specially set up for scientists who were still working in the front line of scientific research 50 years after receiving their doctorate. People called them "Dr. Jin".

　　At 21: 48 on December 10th, 1998, Wang Ganchang died of illness in Beijing at the age of 91.

　　In 1999, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the State Council and the Central Military Commission awarded him "Two Bombs and One Satellite Meritorious Medal".

　　I missed the Nobel Prize twice.

　　When he was a graduate student at the University of Berlin, Wang Ganchang, who was only 23 years old, had a chance to embrace the Nobel Prize. At that time, Wang Ganchang proposed to his teacher, Maitney, to experiment with a penetrating ray in a cloud room. Maitney is a prestigious nuclear physicist, but this time she underestimated the creativity of China’s young man. She rejected Wang Ganchang’s application twice. Two years later, chadwick, a British physicist, adopted the experimental method proposed by Wang Ganchang and discovered neutrons, thus winning the Nobel Prize in Physics.

△ Professor Metterne is known as "Madame Curie of Germany"

　　In 1941, Wang Ganchang published a short article "Suggestions on Detecting Neutrinos", and American physicist Allen carried out experiments according to the suggestions in Wang Ganchang’s paper, and nearly completed the verification of neutrinos. At this time, in Wang Ganchang in the northwest, Sun Hao, a teaching assistant, and Xu Liangying, a student, were asked to carry on the experiment, but unfortunately they didn’t follow Wang Ganchang’s design. In 1995, American scientist F. reines won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his confirmation of the existence of neutrinos. When the news came, 88-year-old Wang Ganchang said simply: The honor should go to the scientist who made the final result.

　　have [with] pupils everywhere; have [with] students all over the country [world]

　　Wang Ganchang has been a university professor for 20 years, and he is full of peaches and plums. Li Zhengdao, a Chinese scientist, is his disciple. In the field of national defense research, he taught by example, and Zhou Guangzhao, Deng Jiaxian, Yu Min, Chen Nengkuan, Cheng Kaijia, Du Xiangwan, Hu Renyu, Hu Side, Tang Xiaowei, Lv Min, Ding Dazhao, Wang Naiyan and He Xiantu all received direct guidance from Wang Ganchang.

My father

Information provided/Wang Zunming (daughter of Wang Ganchang)

　　Father is an ordinary and simple person, and material enjoyment is out of place for him.

　　In War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression’s time, life was extremely hard. Seven members of my family moved to Guizhou with Zhejiang University, relying on my father’s meager salary to make a living. At that time, my father got tuberculosis, and the situation was very difficult. At this time, in order to support War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, my father donated all the gold and silver jewelry he had left when he got married to the country. Later, a sheep was raised at home, and it was supplemented with goat’s milk to survive the hard times.

　　In 1947, my father won the Fan Xudong Prize, and he distributed the $1,000 he got to teachers, colleagues and students who were in more financial difficulties, but he didn’t give a penny to the families who were still in financial difficulties.

　　In 1960, when I was in college, I suffered from malnutrition and edema. In this year, my father was ordered to return to China from the Soviet Union. He gave all his accumulated salary of 140,000 rubles (old coins) to Liu Xiao, the ambassador to the Soviet Union, hoping to contribute to the country’s difficulties. Father didn’t bring any material improvement to his family and children after he returned to China.

△ The left one is Wang Ganchang

　　During the development of the two bombs, my father traveled in Qinghai Plateau and Gobi Desert in Xinjiang for many years and rarely returned to Beijing. According to state regulations, you can enjoy subsidies and special care in plateau areas. But not only does he not want subsidies and care, but every time he returns to Beijing from the nuclear base, he pays for his own travel. When the secretary wanted to take the ticket for reimbursement, he said that the money was enough, so why report it? Later, the secretary reimbursed him behind his back, and he was still very angry when he found out.

　　In 1982, he donated all the RMB 3,000 prize money won by the National Natural Science First Prize to the Atomic Energy Institute. In his letter to the Party Committee of the Institute, he wrote, "I voluntarily donate all the prize money to the primary and secondary schools of the Atomic Energy Institute, hoping that the dolls in the motherland can grow sturdily, thus reducing some worries for their fathers and doing more work for the atomic energy industry." The prize money established the Wang Ganchang Scholarship.

　　In 1986, my father donated 40,000 yuan, and the Institute of Atomic Energy established the "Wang Ganchang Basic Education Award Foundation". From 1986 to 1999, 616 people have won this prize, and many of them have achieved excellent results.

△ Wang Ganchang visited the Optoelectronic Laboratory in a wheelchair in his later years

　　After my father’s death, we donated 500,000 yuan to set up the "Wang Ganchang Prize in Physics" to reward researchers who have made outstanding contributions in the fields of inertial confinement fusion and particle physics. At the same time, he donated 100,000 yuan to his hometown, Changshu, to develop local cultural and educational undertakings.

"The" Wang Laotou "who has been lurking in Treasure Beach for 17 years"

This article was originally published in cstnet, but it has been revised.

　　In 1958, an army had just returned triumphantly from the Korean battlefield. Instead of disarming and returning to the fields, they went straight to the depths of the desert, and they received only one order — — Don’t ask what you are doing, and don’t ask where you are going.

　　Two years later, Wang Ganchang, a world-renowned China scientist with the greatest potential to win the Nobel Prize, suddenly disappeared. At the same time, another man named "Jing Wang" appeared in the northwest of China.

　　They, for the common mission.

△ Wang Ganchang

　　From "Wang Ganchang" to "Jing Wang", he said: I would like to make my country.

　　In 1960, the Soviet Union withdrew all its experts in China and unilaterally tore up more than 200 contracts, leaving behind a large number of half-finished projects. At this time, Wang Ganchang was studying with atoms and experts from all over the world using the most powerful accelerator in Dubna, the Soviet Union. Wang Ganchang and his team discovered the world’s first anti-Sigma negative hyperon.This discovery is enough to prove that it was only a matter of time before Wang Ganchang wanted to win the Nobel Prize.

　　However, at this moment, a phone call from China changed Wang Ganchang’s fate.

　　On April 3, 1961, Wang Ganchang, who had just returned to China, received a notice from the Second Ministry of Machinery Industry: Minister Liu Jie asked him to meet immediately. In the office, Liu Jie and Qian Sanqiang met with Wang Ganchang, and conveyed to him the important decision of the Central Committee: I hope he will participate in China’s nuclear weapons research, and ask him to give up his research direction and do applied research that he is unfamiliar with but urgently needed by the country. Finally, I asked him if he would like to change his name. Wang Ganchang without hesitation, immediately wrote down the word "Jing Wang", and hit the floor said:"I would like to make a country."

　　At that time, Wang Ganchang was in his fifties.

　　The "No.17" construction site at the foot of Yanshan Mountain is the first movement of China’s nuclear weapons detonation experiment.

　　In this way, Wang Ganchang devoted himself to the development of nuclear weapons by leaving his hometown, hiding his name, keeping it absolutely secret and cutting off all relations with overseas countries.

　　The research work of the atomic bomb started from scratch. In order to train the team of detonation experiments, Wang Ganchang specially gave young people a week’s training course, from mathematics to physics to experimental analysis. After all the work was ready, a group of them came to No.17 construction site at the foot of the ancient Great Wall in Yanshan Mountains.

　　A bunker, several rows of simple barracks and more than a dozen military tents are the first atomic bomb detonation test site and component development base in China. Wang Ganchang and Chen Nengkuan led a young research team with an average age of only 20 years old here, and conducted detonation experiments again and again.

△ Wang Ganchang (first from the right) guides the work.

　　The living conditions on the construction site are very difficult, but what is even more difficult is the scientific research environment. The explosives and components used in the initial detonation experiment were all stirred by hand in tents with enamel pots and wooden sticks. It is very hard to stir explosives in the tent, because the tent is not well ventilated, and the whole tent is filled with explosive dust, and the strange and unpleasant smell rushes in, and the agitator has to stir quickly. Although the work is hard, the young boys are all full of energy. The harder the job, the more they strive to do it, and finally they simply take turns mixing. Wang Ganchang, who is in his fifties, is also struggling to do this job. Everyone looks distressed and pushes him outside the tent, but as long as no one pays attention, he will return to the tent.

　　As the leader in charge of the overall work of detonation experiment, Wang Ganchang should pay attention to all aspects of the experiment. From the development of explosives, the study of explosive molding, to the detonation physics experiment, and finally to the test work, he must personally guide. Wang Ganchang’s former research field was experimental physics, and he was not familiar with explosives, detonation and explosion mechanics, so he had to learn from scratch and give lectures at the 17th construction site. In the lecture, he often encounters problems, so he starts everyone to discuss together, and those who are able are teachers and those who will be teachers. On site 17, everyone works hard during the day and studies books at night. In this way, with everyone’s joint efforts, after repeated experimental improvements, the quality problem of explosives was finally solved.

△ Wang Ganchang (first from left)

　　With the success of the detonation experiment in No.17 construction site, China’s nuclear weapons test also started. Some people say that the rumble of guns at the foot of Yanshan Mountain is the first movement of China’s nuclear weapons detonation experiment.On the day he left the scene of the explosion, 55-year-old Wang Ganchang pulled out a few white hairs and left them in a crevice as a souvenir.Twenty years later, he won the first prize of the National Natural Science Award for the detonation experiment on the 17th construction site.

　　Into the northwest, hidden gold and silver beach, the secret years of 221 factory.

　　After March 1963, most researchers went to the Northwest Nuclear Test Base. Because of confidentiality requirements, Wang Ganchang told his wife, Wu Yueqin, that he would work in Xi ‘an for a period of time, and then he went to Treasure Beach in Qinghai.

　　Jinyintan is located in haiyan county, Qinghai Province, and the nuclear weapon research and development base in the center of Jinyintan grassland is called Factory 221. It is said that for the nuclear cause of the Republic, more than 1,700 herdsmen in Jinyintan grassland moved out and gave up their land for generations without compensation.

△ Qinghai Jinyintan

　　In Factory 221, Wang Ganchang still focuses on detonation experiment, that is, "cold experiment". The detonation experiment was carried out in several experimental bases far away from his residence, which was much larger than the No.17 construction site of that year. In order to keep abreast of the progress of the experiment, he shuttled between several experimental bases like a lantern. Every day, people can see Wang Ganchang wearing a uniform military coat and a pair of high boots, and rushing by in a jeep. At the base, the boys humorously called him "Wang Laotou".

　　At work, Wang Ganchang’s "stubbornness" is well known. Sometimes when something goes wrong at work, he will lose his temper loudly. Even Deng Jiaxian, an old scientist, wanted to hand in the derived data later because he was really too busy. When asking for instructions with this dean Wang, he was also uneasy. In his later years, Wang Ganchang wrote in his memoirs:"The task is very urgent. The development of the atomic bomb is a huge and complicated systematic project, and all links must be strictly controlled. After the theoretical scheme is determined, all aspects of the production experiment must meet the requirements of Premier Zhou Enlai ‘ Serious, thoughtful and meticulous, safe and reliable, foolproof ’ 。”

　　Nuclear weapons work is extremely confidential, so we can’t reveal any information to anyone, and there are special requirements for the whereabouts of the staff and who to meet. Once, Wang Ganchang had just returned to Beijing from the base, and before he could catch his breath, he received an order to return to the northwest base immediately, so he had to leave Beijing immediately. Later, he learned that Japanese scientists who came to Beijing wanted to meet Wang Ganchang, but his identity was unable to meet foreign guests, so Premier Zhou informed him to leave Beijing quickly and return to the base, and told foreign guests that Wang Ganchang was not in Beijing and could not make an appointment.

　　After the successful experiment of hydrogen bomb principle, Wang Ganchang only said meaningfully: "It’s not easy!"

　　At that time, the northwest nuclear test base had unimaginable conditions. Limited experimental conditions, limited equipment, it is under such conditions that our scientists have mastered the key technology of China’s first atomic bomb explosion. Wang Ganchang led his team, from the foot of the Great Wall to the Gobi grassland, to conduct detonation tests again and again, and found out the implosion law of the atomic bomb.

　　In 1963, Chen Yi asked Wang Ganchang, "When did that thing of yours ring?"

　　Wang Ganchang confidently replied: "In another year."

　　Chen Yi said happily, "Good! With this, my foreign minister’s waist is hard. "

　　At Qian Sanqiang’s suggestion, China has already begun to explore the hydrogen bomb while developing the atomic bomb. After the successful explosion of the atomic bomb, Wang Ganchang, as the vice president in charge of the experiment of the Nuclear Weapons Research Institute, quickly plunged into the hydrogen bomb experiment. At the beginning of 1966, Wang Ganchang, who was nearly 60 years old, worked out a detonation simulation experiment scheme together with the comrades in the experimental department, and solved the key problems in the detonation design technology in repeated "cold experiments".

　　During the development of the hydrogen bomb, China suffered the catastrophe of the Cultural Revolution. Fortunately, under the protection of Zhou Enlai, the cutting-edge science and technology field was relatively calm. But in that special period, Wang Ganchang was still not spared and was criticized. Despite this, he resisted pressure and grievances and always focused on scientific research. After the successful experiment of hydrogen bomb principle, Nie Rongzhen excitedly held Wang Ganchang’s hand, while Wang Ganchang just said meaningfully: "It’s not easy!"

　　In this way, from 1961 to 1978, Wang Ganchang completely disappeared from people’s sight, and when he was closest to the Nobel Prize, he chose to give up.He used the most brilliant 17 years of his life to hide his name and promote a country’s status as a nuclear power.

The picture comes from the Internet.

Copyright belongs to the original author.

Inner Mongolia’s ＂paper serving sentence＂ criminals exposed the shady commutation again： paying bribes by buying patents to ＂make meritorious deeds＂

　　On September 7th, The Paper reported that five prison doctors in Inner Mongolia prison system had seriously violated the medical condition appraisal regulations for criminals released on parole, and made the murderer Wang "serve his sentence on paper" for many years, and got married, had children, traveled and worked outside the prison.

　　The Paper verified in many ways that this murderer at large was the murderer Wang Yunhong in the "murder case bought by the president of a university" which was a sensation in 2001. He was finally sentenced to death with a two-year suspension of execution, which was later reduced to 15 years in prison. With the help of prison doctors and other related people, Wang Yunhong, a life-threatening prisoner, was "released from prison" only after being detained for more than seven years.

　　According to the authoritative documents obtained by The Paper, there are also problems in Wang Yunhong’s commutation: first, he paid bribes; second, he made meritorious service by buying patents.

　　At present, the Hohhot Intermediate People’s Court has ruled that the temporary execution time outside prison for three felons, including Wang Yunhong, who violate the rules and seek medical treatment outside prison, is not included in the execution sentence. However, there has been no corrected information disclosure about Wang Yunhong’s illegal purchase of patents and his substantial commutation.

　　Yang Wenzhi’s resume

　　It is illegal to seek medical treatment on parole, and there is also a shady commutation.

　　The Paper previously reported that three felons who should have served their sentences in the No.1 prison in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, were illegally released on parole for medical treatment. Five prison doctors, including Wang Quanren, deputy director of the Fourth Prison in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, and vice president of the First Hospital of the Prison Bureau, were detained for illegally helping the three people to go out on bail for medical treatment. Subsequently, on October 24, 2019, the Hohhot Intermediate People’s Court ruled that the time for three felons, Wang Yunhong, Zhuang Yonghua and Zou Qingbao, to seek medical treatment outside the hospital was not included in the execution sentence.

　　The Paper combed and found that all the triple criminals received different degrees of commutation before they were released on medical parole illegally. For example, Wang Yunhong, the murderer of the murder case, was reduced from life imprisonment to 15 years’ imprisonment, while Zhuang Yonghua, the murderer of the murder case with a gun, was directly reduced from a suspended death sentence to 18 years’ imprisonment.

　　The indictment recently issued by 12309 China Procuratorate Network revealed the reason why Wang Yunhong got a reduced sentence.

　　The People’s Procuratorate of Naiman Banner, Tongliao City accused Yang Wenzhi, the former deputy director of Hohhot No.1 Prison, of taking care of a prisoner who was sentenced to death with a suspended sentence, and Yang Wenzhi received 50,000 yuan from it. According to the news released by the Supervision Committee of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of Tongliao City, on June 28, 2019, Yang Wenzhi, as the director of the Juvenile Delinquency Center of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Prison Administration, was suspected of serious violation of the law and was under disciplinary review and supervision investigation by the Supervision Committee of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of Horqin District, Tongliao City. The Paper noted that the time when Yang Wenzhi was investigated was close to that when Wang Quanren and other five prison doctors were investigated.

　　According to the above indictment, the criminal Wang Moujia was sentenced to death with a suspended sentence for intentional homicide, and was put into the first prison area of Hohhot No.1 prison on April 14, 2006 to serve his sentence. At that time, the head of the first prison area was Yang Wenzhi. Yang Wenzhi and Wang Moujia’s brother-in-law Wu Mou are classmates. He accepted the banquet and request of Wu and his wife Wang Mouyi (handled separately), and promised to take care of Wang Moujia during his sentence. In order to thank Yang Wenzhi for taking care of Wang Moujia, Wang Mouyi gave Yang Wenzhi 10,000 yuan each time during the Spring Festival or Mid-Autumn Festival from 2008 to 2012, totaling 50,000 yuan.

　　From August 2008 to December 2012, Yang Wenzhi served as the deputy warden of Hohhot No.1 Prison, in charge of prison administration, legal system, prison investigation and education. In December 2008, after the prisoner Wang Moujia’s illegal purchase of utility model patents was discovered by the prison staff, Yang Wenzhi prevented the chief of the prison investigation department from conducting an investigation in order to make Wang Moujia’s commutation in the future unaffected, resulting in Wang Moujia’s use of mobile phones to contact outside the prison to purchase patents not being ascertained and thoroughly investigated.

　　According to the regulations of the No.1 prison in Hohhot, Wang Moujia should have been confined and deducted 50 points, and he would not be credited with merit for six months. However, due to the intervention of Yang Wenzhi, Wang Moujia was not punished but was credited with merit once in April 2009. Soon, Wang Moujia once again violated the prison regulations, bought the application materials for three utility model patents, and successfully applied for utility model patents for commutation.

　　In March 2011, Hohhot No.1 Prison submitted a commutation proposal to the High Court of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and submitted a commutation proposal, a commutation approval form for criminals, and a criminal appraisal form. In addition, there are proof materials of Wang Moujia’s accumulated contributions of eight times in August 2006, August and October 2008, April, July, August and September 2009, and May 2010, and he obtained three utility model patents and other relevant evidence.

　　On March 11, 2011, the Inner Mongolia High Court ruled that Wang Moujia was reduced from life imprisonment to 15 years imprisonment.

　　The Paper compared many judicial documents and found that Wang Moujia was the murderer of the murder case and Wang Yunhong, who was sentenced to death with a suspended sentence in the final instance.

　　Inventor from prison. Source: Network screenshot

　　A number of patents were exposed, and murderers became inventors.

　　According to the above documents, after Wang Yunhong’s patent purchase in 2008 was discovered, but not thoroughly investigated, he bought three utility model patents in 2009 for commutation.

　　The Paper inquired about official website of the State Patent Office and searched under the name of "Wang Yunhong", and found that there were as many as six patents for which the applicant was "Wang Yunhong". Among them, two patents were applied on March 5, 2009: the outer cover of kettle cover and portable multifunctional lunch box; On December 7, 2009, he applied for the patent of "cervical vertebra stretching device"; On December 8, 2009, I applied for "adjustable speed electric manicure device".

　　For the above four patents, the applicant’s address is: Department of Education, Inner Mongolia No.1 Prison, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The four patents and patent rights have been terminated at present.

　　In 2008, "Wang Yunhong" also involved two other patents, which were for external use. "An external medicine for treating tinea" was applied on August 7, 2008, and the applicants and inventors were "Wang Yunhong and Du Shaodong"; "An external medicine for treating rosacea" was applied on August 11th, 2008. The applicant and inventor were Wang Yunhong. The addresses of the applicants of these two patents are "Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region … … Wang Zhehong turned. "

　　At present, the legal status of these two patents is "deemed abandonment of patent rights".

　　In addition, like Wang Yunhong, Zhuang Yonghua, a gunman murderer in Xilinhot in 2004 who served his sentence in Hohhot No.1 Prison, was also suspected to have applied for a patent.

　　According to Zhuang Yonghua’s criminal ruling on the change of punishment for intentional homicide: On March 13, 2006, the Intermediate People’s Court of Xilin Gol League of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region found Zhuang Yonghua guilty of intentional homicide and illegal possession of guns, sentenced to death and deprived of political rights for life. On November 16, 2006, the Higher People’s Court of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region commuted the death sentence of the defendant Zhuang Yonghua.

　　The Paper noted that on January 6, 2007, Zhuang Yonghua was delivered to Hohhot No.1 Prison, and after serving two years’ imprisonment, he was directly sentenced to 18 years’ imprisonment from suspended death and six years’ deprivation of political rights. Moreover, like Wang Yunhong, after the commutation of his sentence, he went through five prison doctors, including Wang Quanren, for illegal medical parole.

　　On April 10, 2009, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region High Court made this ruling on commutation, and one year later, on October 12, 2010, the Hohhot Intermediate People’s Court ruled that Zhuang Yonghua’s fixed-term imprisonment would be reduced by three years, and the deprivation of political rights would remain unchanged for six years. One and a half years later, on May 15, 2012, the third ruling reduced his imprisonment for two years and six months, and deprived him of political rights for six years. The sentence is until June 27, 2021. Zhuang Yonghua reduced his sentence by a large margin each time, but the ruling did not disclose the reasons for his reduction.

　　The Paper reporter inquired about official website of the State Patent Office and searched under the name of "Zhuang Yonghua", and found that there were also many patents. Four of the patents have a common applicant’s address: On June 16th, 2009, Zhuang Yonghua (applicant and inventor) applied for two patents: low-energy radio and domestic floor heating boiler; On June 26th, 2011, Zhuang Yonghua (the applicant and the inventor) applied for two patents, one is a device and the other is a medicine: an automatic water replenishing device for cultivated plants and a compound honey-made pill for relieving cough and relieving asthma.

　　The above four patent applications all have a common applicant address: Education Department of Mailbox 2001, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

　　According to relevant sources, this address is the mailing address of Hohhot No.1 Prison.

　　Wang Yunhong’s patent application

　　The "paper sentence" has been corrected, and the fraudulent commutation has not been corrected by information disclosure.

　　The Paper noted that the indictment of Yang Wenzhi’s crime of favoritism and commutation was filed on January 19, 2020, and the news of his trial and sentencing has not been disclosed yet. However, Wang Mouyi, the sister of Wang Yunhong who bribed Yang Wenzhi, was sentenced by Naiman Banner Court of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region on June 16, 2020. Wang Mouyi was sentenced to 6 months in prison and fined RMB 100,000.

　　According to the judgment, in order to thank Yang Wenzhi for his special care for Wang Yunhong, from 2008 to 2012, during the Spring Festival or Mid-Autumn Festival, Wang Mouyi gave Yang RMB 10,000 each time and gave Yang RMB 50,000 five times in total. On June 16, 2020, Wang Mouyi was sentenced to six months’ imprisonment and fined RMB 100,000 by Naiman Banner Court of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region for bribery.

　　Naiman Banner People’s Procuratorate believes that the defendant Yang Wenzhi, as a staff member of the penalty execution organ, accepted banquets, property and engages in malpractices for personal gain from the relatives of the criminal Wang Moujia, failed to investigate the serious violations of discipline and discipline of the criminal Wang Moujia, and failed to deal with them according to the regulations. When the criminal Wang Moujia was asked to reduce his sentence, the relevant materials submitted by the prison did not truthfully record Wang Moujia’s serious violations of discipline and discipline, which led to the court’s ruling that the life imprisonment of the criminal Wang Moujia was reduced to 15 years’ imprisonment, which reduced the sentence.

　　In addition, The Paper combed the verdicts of five prison medical cases, including Wang Quanren’s, and found that Wang Yunhong’s family had been released on parole through Yang Wenzhi after his commutation.

　　According to the verdict, on February 25th, 2014, in the special activities of commutation, parole and temporary execution outside prison carried out by the prison system, Wang Yunhong was put into prison according to law until July 10th, 2014, when he was hospitalized in the prison bureau hospital. In order to get to know Wang Quanren, the deputy director of the Fourth Prison, Wang Yunhong’s sister once hosted a banquet for Wang Quanren through Yang, then the deputy director of the Third Prison in Hohhot, and tried to bribe Wang Quanren. After operation, Wang Yunhong was granted medical parole.

　　Wang Yunhong’s middleman, Yang, the deputy director of Hohhot No.3 Prison, was suspected to be Yang Wenzhi.

　　Yang Wenzhi’s resume shows that from August 2004 to December 2012, he served as the director of the first prison area of Hohhot No.1 prison and the deputy director of the first prison. From November 2012 to December 2016, he served as member of the Party Committee and deputy warden of Hohhot No.3 Prison. Yang Wenzhi’s tenure in the two prisons coincided with the time when Wang Yunhong’s sister commuted her sentence and went on medical parole for Wang Yunhong.

　　The Paper previously reported that on July 17th, 2020, Wang Quanren committed the crime of dereliction of duty, and was finally sentenced to five years and six months’ imprisonment by Tongliao Intermediate People’s Court of Inner Mongolia. Four other prison doctors, including Gao Chuntao, Zhang Man, Li Qifang and Chen Hua, committed the crime of abuse of power and were finally sentenced to five to three years’ imprisonment.

　　As early as October 24, 2019, the Hohhot Intermediate People’s Court announced that the temporary execution time for Wang Yunhong, Zhuang Lihua and Zou Qing to seek medical treatment outside the prison was not counted. At present, Wang Yunhong’s illegal purchase of patents has been greatly reduced, and there is no information disclosure to show correction.

How to set the ringtone for soda music How to set the ringtone for soda music [Detailed explanation]

　　Recently, many users who are using soda music are not very familiar with how to set the ringtone of soda music. Next, Xiaobian will bring you the method of setting ringtones for soda music. Interested users come and have a look below.

　　How to set the ringtone for soda music? Method for setting ringtone of mobile phone for soda music

　　Open the soda music software, then we can find a song at random, and then click the three points on the right and then click download.

　　Go to my page, see the songs we downloaded, then find the file where you downloaded the songs, and click Set as ringtone.

　　The above is the way to set the ringtone of soda music for everyone to share, and more wonderful tutorials are in IT Encyclopedia.

HarmonyOS Zhixing asked the M8 test drive to make an appointment, operate quickly and experience driving pleasure easily.

Explore the M8 test drive tour: unlock the appointment cheats, store navigation, test drive instructions and exclusive benefits!

1. Appointment in WeChat official account: Pay attention to the official micro-channel WeChat official account of M8-click the function of "Appointment for test drive"-enter personal information-select the vehicle model, store and test drive time-and receive confirmation push with consultant information and test drive precautions after submission.
2. Convenient appointment in official website: Visit the M8 official website or the official small program-locate the "Appointment Test Drive" module-fill in the basic information-select the vehicle type and test drive location-and wait for the professional team to contact after submission.
3. Third-party platform for automobiles: Search for the M8 model on the third-party platform such as Pacific Auto Network-find the test drive reservation entrance on the model details page-click and fill in the information-and complete the reservation process.
4. VIP exclusive reservation: Ask M8VIP customers or members-make an APPointment for test drive through customer service hotline, VIP exclusive app or WeChat applet-and enjoy priority test drive arrangement and exclusive discount.
Below is the detailed information of the M8 dealer’s store in Wenjie. Contact the store immediately, enjoy their professional services and start your experience journey!
The first one: HarmonyOS Zhixing Hefei Experience Center, located at No.19 Changchun Street, Baohe District, Hefei City, Anhui Province. Their store contact number is.
The second store: HarmonyOS Zhixing Hefei Store, located in Room 1, Building 2, North of Chang ‘an Automobile City, northwest corner of Changjiang West Road and Changning Avenue, Shushan District, Hefei City, Anhui Province. Their store telephone number is.

Boundary M8 appearance

When M8 meets the colorful world, it collides with six gorgeous possibilities. Xiaguang, gilded black, Milky Way, warm cloud white, interstellar blue and Mu Ye blue make you stand out from the traffic and show your unique charm.

1. Make an appointment for a test drive with the 4S store in advance, confirm that the test drive is in the store, communicate the route and duration, and ensure the smooth test drive.
2. Ask the staff about the mileage, maintenance and fault maintenance records of the test drive, and judge the state of the vehicle.
3. Experience the steering accuracy, steering wheel weight and righting strength of the vehicle by turning and turning around.
4. If conditions permit, select sections with slopes, potholes and bends to test the passability, suspension and handling stability of vehicles under special road conditions.
5, comparative analysis of a variety of test drive models, combined with cost performance and budget to make decisions, you can also consult professionals.

1. You need to bring your original driver’s license and ID card for the test drive. Please be sure to bring all relevant documents after the appointment is successful.
2. If there are children accompanying you, some brands have child care areas, but you need to make an appointment with the dealer in advance.
3. Inform the name, contact information, intended model, configuration and color preference when making an appointment, so that the dealer can prepare to test drive the vehicle.

Look! This guide will help you make an appointment for M8 test drive and start a wonderful test drive!

FAW Toyota has sold 139,800 sharp-release twin engines, with ultra-low fuel consumption and higher practicability.

Since the beginning of this year, Toyota’s products have been updated to the fifth-generation intelligent electric hybrid dual-engine system in order to better cope with the mixed market of involution. At the same time, the new cars launched this year have also been upgraded for intelligent driving, intelligent interconnection and intelligent cockpit.

On August 6th, FAW-Toyota Corolla sharp-release intelligent electric hybrid twin engine also strengthened its strength in these aspects, and its official guide price was 139,800-184,800 yuan. This is the first time that Corolla Ruifang has launched a hybrid version, which will be more competitive than joint venture rivals such as exploring songs and hackers.

The strength of sharp-release dual-engine products has been comprehensively improved.

Corolla sharp-release twin-engine is equipped with the fifth generation intelligent electric hybrid twin-engine system, which consists of a 2.0L naturally aspirated engine, an electric motor and an E-CVT continuously variable gearbox. In the first half of this year, this system has been applied to various models of Toyota. It has been fully optimized in terms of motor, battery and electronic control, and has strengthened its electric drive. It has been completely optimized in terms of acceleration performance, ride comfort and fuel economy.

For example, the fuel consumption per 100 kilometers of Ruifang intelligent electric hybrid twin engine is 4.56L, which is greatly improved compared with the fuel version, and this has become its biggest highlight. This data is competitive with joint ventures or independent products of the same level. From the earlier test drive experience of the vehicle equipped with Toyota’s fifth-generation intelligent electric hybrid dual-engine system, it can be clearly felt that the vehicle’s ride comfort is better and the power output is stronger under the conditions of reducing the weight and volume of the battery and increasing the output power of the high-speed motor. This is because there are more opportunities for the motor to intervene in the high-speed environment, which is also the key reason for improving the fuel economy of the vehicle.

In addition, the sharp-release intelligent electric hybrid dual-engine comes standard with T-Pilot intelligent driving assistance system, Toyota Connect intelligent interconnection and Toyota Space intelligent cockpit, which optimizes some original functions and adds more functions, and comes standard with the whole system, realizing intelligent equal rights and comprehensively improving intelligent strength. For example, in terms of active safety function, the sharp-release intelligent electric hybrid dual-engine can identify vehicles and pedestrians in the visual blind area in advance, and can also assist in braking or even avoid when a collision accident is about to occur.

Ruifang, which was born in the name of Corolla, has the characteristics of comfort, practicality, safety and high quality. In the entry-level joint venture compact SUV market, it is a powerful player, and it is common for the monthly sales to break through 10,000. After the dual-engine model is added, the audience of Sharp will be wider, thus further promoting sales. The SUV with the positioning and price close to that of Sharp Power Smart Electric Hybrid Twin Engine, as well as BYD Song PLUS DM-i and Geely Yinhe L7 in independent brands, the latter are all hot spots in the market, and the voice of independent hybrid is very high at present, so the challenges that Sharp Power Smart Electric Hybrid Twin Engine will face are not small.

All star models challenge five major projects

In this listing conference, FAW Toyota also brought test drive experience activities for its various models. The 2023 Asian Dragon, New Corolla, New RAV4 Rongfang, Smart Electric Hybrid Twin-Engine Crown Lu Fang and Sharp Electric Hybrid Twin-Engine have passed the five challenges, namely, Rapids, Voices of the Future, Braves, Roller Coasters and Space Exploration.

Among them, the 2023 Asian Dragon carried out the challenge of "Rapids", and put a water cup on the roof. Under the linear acceleration, only a few water in the water cup overflowed, and the acceleration stability and body support were sufficient, which was due to its low center of gravity and other characteristics.

The new Corolla, the new RAV4 Rongfang and the sharp-release intelligent electric hybrid twin engines participated in the "Voice of the Future" challenge. After waking up the car system once, they can say all the instructions for controlling air conditioning, windows, music, navigation, etc. in one breath, because these models all support the function of 30-second continuous voice dialogue.

In addition, the new Corolla also participated in the "Brave" challenge project, which responded quickly when identifying obstacles and dummies on the road, and was able to assist users in braking and avoid collision accidents to the greatest extent.

It is worth mentioning that the intelligent hybrid electric twin-engine version of Crown Lu Fang, in the "roller coaster" challenge project simulating cross-country cross-axis sections, has shown excellent driving and control strength under the configuration of E-Four electronic four-wheel drive system and TRAIL one-button escape mode.

MPV Gravia has also ushered in its "space exploration" challenge. For such a big car, parking is a big problem, but fortunately, Gravia is equipped with PVM panoramic monitoring system, PKSB parking auxiliary braking system and other configurations, which can be easily put into storage.

Driven by these models with outstanding product strength, FAW Toyota sold 373,195 vehicles in the first half of this year, up 6% year-on-year. Among them, the cumulative sales volume of Ruifang was 54,039 vehicles, a year-on-year increase of 140%.

Write it at the end

In the first half of the year, FAW Toyota sold 99,895 smart electric hybrid twin-engine vehicles, up 6.3% year-on-year, accounting for 26.8%. At the same time, the proportion of mid-to-high-class vehicles under TNGA-K platform, represented by Asian Dragon, Graveyard and Crown Lu Fang, increased to 46%. These two sets of data show that FAW Toyota is accelerating electrification, embracing new changes, and steadily promoting high-quality development. The launch of sharp-release twin engines is also an important embodiment of FAW Toyota’s new and upward development. (Text | ｜DAN)

Do not blindly follow the trend! Growth factors can only be injected externally or cause disfigurement.

　　At present, the growth factor for external use is safe and effective, and can promote wound healing. However, it should be emphasized that growth factors can only be used for external use, and it is illegal to inject or take orally, which is prohibited by the state.

　　Li Gang, Chief Physician, Department of Plastic Surgery and Medical Beauty, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University

　　Nowadays, on some social media, many bloggers in online celebrity will recommend a filling injection material called "growth factor", saying that as long as it is injected into the depressed part of the face, it can promote the growth of cells in this part, make it become "self-filler" and make the original "collapsed" part full.

　　In this regard, Li Gang, chief physician of the Department of Plastic Surgery and Medical Beauty of the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, said that the growth factor for external use is safe and effective at present, which can promote wound healing.

　　"However, it needs to be emphasized that growth factors can only be used externally, and it is illegal to inject or take orally, which is prohibited by the state." Li Gang said.

　　The use method is limited to external use.

　　Earlier, there were many reports that some beauty lovers were injected with growth factors, which caused their chins to grow crazy and their foreheads to bulge, which made people once talk about the discoloration of growth factors.

　　"Growth factor is a kind of cytokine, which is a kind of polypeptide substance that regulates cell growth by combining with specific and high affinity cell membrane receptors." Li Gang explained that growth factors will transmit signals to cells through specific receptors on the plasma membrane and act on genes related to cell proliferation, thus affecting cell growth or differentiation. In short, growth factors are substances that can promote cell growth and proliferation.

　　The human body secretes a variety of growth factors, which regulate and control the growth, development, metabolism, aging and other life activities of body cells.

　　"From a physiological point of view, there are three kinds of growth factors, of which two have cosmetic effects." Li Gang introduced that the first one is epidermal growth factor, which can promote the growth of epidermis and stimulate the division of basal cells, thus repairing damaged epidermis; The second is fibroblast growth factor, which can promote the growth of collagen and help the recovery of dermis. These two kinds have cosmetic effects. The third is vascular endothelial growth factor, which can promote the growth of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels.

　　Clinically, growth factor is a regular external drug. After skin injury, whether acute or chronic, it can accelerate the healing of skin wounds after being coated with growth factor. "Skin aging is actually a chronic injury to the skin, which is also the principle that growth factors can be used for beauty. At present, epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor are also widely used in medical skin care. " Li Gang said that growth factors can repair damaged skin (corneal and epidermal damage) and skin after laser surgery. It can regenerate epidermis and help skin form a healthy barrier. This barrier is very powerful, which can improve the skin’s heat preservation, anti-allergic and anti-radiation abilities.

　　However, Li Gang emphasized that whether as a medicine or a beauty product, the use of growth factors is limited to external use, and the general use method is daubing or spraying.

　　Cells may grow out of order after injection.

　　"The growth factor for external use is safe and effective and can be used as a therapeutic drug, but the state has only approved its use as an external drug. If it is illegal to inject or take orally, it is impossible for growth factor injections to appear in regular hospitals." Li Gang said.

　　Data show that many patients with disfigurement caused by the use of growth factors are injected with growth factors or drugs containing growth factors. Some people cause abnormal facial growth after injection of growth factors, such as irregular bulges on the skin.

　　"After the growth factor is injected into the human body, its role in promoting growth is uncontrollable, which will lead to a disorderly and disorderly growth, which may have a series of adverse effects." Li Gang said.

　　First of all, after the growth factor is injected into the human body, it will stimulate the skin cells around the injection site to multiply rapidly, leading to unlimited or abnormal growth of tissues, and the skin will have symptoms such as redness and hardness. The newly grown tissues often exceed the expected size, and may even lead to disfigurement.

　　Secondly, once there is a problem, it is very difficult to take out the growth factor. Even if the doctor takes it out, it is difficult to ensure that there is absolutely no residue. "Even if only a little growth factor remains in a certain part, the part can grow wildly." Li Gang said.

　　In addition, the injected person may be disfigured by human factors. For example, due to improper injection techniques or operations, growth factors are injected into large blood vessels, causing vascular embolism; Pinhole infection causes skin to fester, forming scars and even keloids.

　　"In short, at present, China has not approved any growth factor filling drugs, and drugs containing growth factors are prohibited from being used for tissue filling." Li Gang stressed.

　　Growth factors often appear in "vest"

　　Although the state explicitly prohibits it, accidents of disfigurement caused by injection of growth factors still often appear in the news.

　　"Every once in a while, a so-called ‘ High-tech products ’ These new products are probably just illegal injection fillers ‘ Vest ’ That’s all. ‘ Freeze-dried powder ’ ‘ Growth peptide ’ ‘ Stem cells ’ ‘ Youth element ’ … … These sound ‘ Gaodashang ’ Our products are actually growth factors. " Li Gang reminded that many beauty seekers were injected with these growth factors in "new clothes" without knowing it. Once the injection area was found to be abnormally raised and continued to grow, it is recommended to go to a regular hospital for examination as soon as possible.

　　Then, if there is a filling demand, which products can the majority of beauty lovers choose?

　　"The most commonly used injection filling is hyaluronic acid (hyaluronic acid). Human skin itself contains a lot of hyaluronic acid, which is a moisturizing factor of the skin. After being injected into the human body, it can expand to 500 to 1000 times. In addition to the characteristics of moisturizing and volume expansion, it also has biological stability, is not easy to transfer and is water-insoluble, which also makes hyaluronic acid a very good tissue filler with high filling efficiency and safety. " Li Gang pointed out that, for example, water needles also contain hyaluronic acid.

　　Because injection beauty belongs to micro-plastic surgery, many beauty lovers feel that it has little side effects and quick recovery, so this kind of project is highly sought after. In this regard, Li Gang reminded that even micro-plastic surgery does not mean "no risk, micro-risk". "Micro-plastic ‘ Micro ’ It does mean minor damage, but it doesn’t mean simplicity, but it means subtlety and subtlety of technology. When carrying out these medical beauty projects, beauty lovers need to polish their eyes and find regular medical institutions and qualified professional doctors for micro-plastic surgery, instead of making micro-plastic surgery ‘ Critical plastic surgery ’ 。” He said.

　　Relevant experts said that when injecting hyaluronic acid, it is not uncommon for patients to have vascular embolism and nerve injury, and even lead to skin necrosis, even blindness, hemiplegia and death, due to the lack of professional and formal medical education and ignorance of facial anatomy.

　　"In recent years, ‘ Yan value economy ’ And ‘ Pleasant consumption ’ With vigorous growth, the medical and beauty industry has mushroomed. Strong demand not only promoted the development of the market, but also gave birth to many industry chaos. In order to avoid ‘ Tread on the pit ’ , the majority of beauty lovers should not blindly follow the trend, and do not want any product ‘ Fire ’ Just try it easily. It is necessary to learn more about medical beauty knowledge and choose a regular hospital or beauty institution for medical beauty operation. " Li Gang stressed again.

Cell Stem Cell： dopaminergic progenitor cells derived from human embryonic stem cells in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease

Original biological world

Written by Cong Wang

Edit Wang Duoyu

Typesetting and writing in water

Cell therapy is considered to be very suitable for treating Parkinson’s disease (PD) because its pathogenesis is relatively simple and characterized by localized degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra compacta of the midbrain. In animal experiments and human experiments, transplanting human fetal ventral midbrain tissue or cells has been proved to help restore motor function.

However, these results are often inconsistent, which highlights the need for improved cell therapy programs to ensure that a sufficient number of well-defined midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons are produced and standardized cell preparation and transplantation procedures are adopted.

Recent technological progress has enabled human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC), such as embryonic stem cells (ESC) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), to efficiently generate mDA neurons, paving the way for establishing transplantation therapy for Parkinson’s disease based on hPSC. Many studies have shown that when transplanted into animal models of Parkinson’s disease, mDA progenitor cells derived from hPSC are well integrated into the host brain and mature into functional mDA neurons, which significantly improves motor function.

Recently, researchers from Yonsei University School of Medicine published a research paper entitled: preclinical and dose-ranging assessment of HESC-derived dopaminergic prognosticators for a clinical trial on Parkinson’s disease [1].

In this study, high-purity midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) progenitor cells were produced on a large scale from clinical human embryonic stem cells (hESC), and the safety and effectiveness of mDA progenitor cells were verified in vitro and in vivo. MDA progenitor cells improved the disease-related behavior of Parkinson’s disease rat model in a dose-dependent manner. Based on these preclinical research results, the research team obtained the approval of the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety for the phase 1/2a clinical trial of cell therapy for Parkinson’s disease, and started the treatment of 12 patients with Parkinson’s disease.

In May, 2020, researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital reported a groundbreaking study in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) [2]. A Parkinson’s patient who received autologous transplantation of mDA progenitor cells from hiPSC showed stable or improved clinical symptoms 24 months after implantation. Now, this method has been further developed, and the mDA progenitor cells derived from hiPSC and hESC began to enter the early clinical trial stage.

The first step in the clinical application of cell transplantation for Parkinson’s disease is to define the characteristics of cell products comprehensively. It is very important to determine whether cells are produced with clinical grade materials under GMP conditions and whether they meet the expected clinical use standards. Subsequently, preclinical research should produce convincing evidence of curative effect through large-scale animal experiments, and systematically examine long-term safety-related issues, such as toxicity, biological distribution and tumorigenicity. In addition, preclinical research needs to determine the optimal cell dose range for transplantation as a reference for human trials. Most importantly, the whole research design must be meticulous and the results must be evaluated in a fair way. This usually requires cooperation with CRO and extensive discussions with regulators.

This paper describes the process and results of a preclinical study aimed at using midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESC) in human clinical trials to treat Parkinson’s disease.

The cell differentiation method used in this study has been optimized for clinical application to ensure that it meets GMP standards. This optimization method can produce mDA progenitor cells with high purity and low temperature preservation on a large scale, while maintaining strict quality control. A year-long large-scale transplantation study by an independent CRO company using immunocompromised rats showed that the transplanted mDA neurons did not cause tumorigenicity, significant toxicity or ectopic integration outside the injection site. In addition, clinical mDA precursor cells showed therapeutic potential and dosage range, and produced therapeutic effects in toxin-induced semi-Parkinson’s rats. These findings provide the necessary information about the appropriate cell dose for human trials.

Specifically, this paper introduces the method of large-scale extraction of high-purity mDA progenitor cells from clinical grade hESC under strict GMP conditions, and also evaluates the toxicity, biological distribution and tumorigenicity of these cells in immunocompromised rats in facilities conforming to good laboratory practices (GLP). Different doses of mDA progenitor cells were transplanted into the semi-Parkinson’s rat model, and it was observed that there was a significant dose-dependent behavior improvement when the minimum effective dose ranged from 5000 to 10000 mDA progenitor cells. These results provide insights for determining the low cell dose (3.15 million cells) in human clinical trials.

Based on these experimental results, the research team obtained the phase 1/2a clinical trial of cell therapy for Parkinson’s disease approved by the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, and started the clinical trial of treating patients with Parkinson’s disease.

Paper link:

1. https://www.cell.com/cell-stem-cell/fulltext/S1934-5909(23)00401-0

2. https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMoa1915872

Read the original text

At 10 o’clock on July 28, the Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a typhoon red warning.

　　CCTV News:The Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a typhoon red warning at 10: 00 on July 28.

　　The center of the No.5 typhoon "DOKSURI" this year landed in the coastal area of Jinjiang City, Fujian Province around 9: 55 am today (28th). When it landed, it was weakened from super typhoon level to strong typhoon level. The maximum wind force near the center was 15 (50m/s), and the lowest pressure in the center was 945 hectopascals. At 10 o’clock, its center is located in Jinjiang, Fujian, which is 24.7 degrees north latitude and 118.6 degrees east longitude. The maximum wind force is 15 (50 m/s), and the lowest pressure in the center is 945 hectopascals.

　　It is estimated that Du Surui will move to the north-west direction at a speed of about 25 kilometers per hour, and its intensity will gradually weaken.

　　Gale forecast:From 14: 00 on the 28th to 14: 00 on the 29th, there will be 5-7 winds and gusts of 8-9 in bashi channel, northeastern South China Sea, east of Taiwan Province, Taiwan Province Strait, most of the East China Sea, southwestern Yellow Sea, Taiwan Province Island, eastern Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Jiangsu, eastern Jiangxi, eastern Anhui and southeastern Shandong, among which the winds in Taiwan Province Strait and southern Fujian can reach 8-19.

　　Precipitation forecast:From 14: 00 on the 28th to 14: 00 on the 29th, there were heavy rains in parts of Fujian, eastern Jiangxi, eastern and southern Zhejiang, Shanghai, central and southern Anhui, southern Hebei, most of Shandong and central and northern Henan. Among them, there were heavy rains in parts of southern Anhui, northwestern Jiangxi, central and southern Zhejiang and most of Fujian, and local heavy rains (250-280 mm) in southeastern Fujian.

　　Defense guide:

　　1. The government and relevant departments shall, in accordance with their duties, do a good job in typhoon prevention and emergency rescue.

　　2. Water operations and passing ships in relevant waters should return to Hong Kong to take shelter from the wind, strengthen port facilities, and prevent ships from anchoring, grounding and collision.

　　3. Stop large-scale indoor and outdoor gatherings and dangerous outdoor operations such as high altitude.

　　4. Reinforce or dismantle structures that are easy to be blown by the wind. Personnel should not go out at will. They should stay in windproof and safe places as far as possible, so as to ensure that the elderly and children stay in the safest place at home, and the dangerous people will be transferred in time. When the typhoon center passes by, the wind will decrease or stay still for a period of time. Remember that the strong wind will suddenly blow and you should continue to stay in a safe place to avoid the wind.

　　5. Relevant areas should pay attention to prevent flash floods and geological disasters that may be caused by heavy precipitation.

Attention! Please check the list of common hidden dangers in chemical enterprises!

[1] Equipment and facilities

1. Reactors and reactors

1) Abnormal noise of reducer

2) There is too much oil on the reducer or rack.

3) Hot melt deformation of plastic fan blades of speed reducer

4) The mechanical seal and reducer are short of oil.

5) gasket leakage

6) Anti-static grounding wire is damaged and not installed

7) The safety valve has not been inspected, leaked or set up an account.

8) The thermometer is not inspected and damaged.

9) The pressure gauge is overdue for annual inspection, damaged or blocked by materials.

10) Double sets of temperature and pressure display, recording and alarm are not used in key reactors.

11) The bursting disc has not been replaced, leaked, and an account has not been established.

12) The lower valve of bursting disc is not opened.

13) There is no bursting disc in the reaction kettle with explosion danger.

14) Abnormal pressure increase or material flushing due to high temperature and interruption of stirring.

15) When discharging, the bottom valve is easily blocked.

16) Stainless steel or carbon steel kettle has acid corrosion.

17) overload operation when the loading exceeds the specified limit.

18) The damaged enamel in the enamel kettle is still used in corrosive, flammable and explosive places.

19) The inner container of the reaction kettle is damaged by erosion at the steam inlet of the jacket.

20) The pressure vessel has exceeded its service life and its manufacturing quality is poor, and it still leaks after repeated repairs.

21) Pressure vessel has no nameplate.

22) The absence number is marked or unclear.

23) Failure to effectively isolate the reactor with explosion sensitivity.

24) No safety checklist has been made for important equipment.

25) Important equipment is short of spare parts or standby machines.

2, storage tank, tank farm, tank car

1) The level gauge is fuzzy or damaged or blocked.

2) Electrostatic grounding wire is loose or not connected.

3) Leakage at flange gasket

4) High storage tanks such as small platforms are not effectively fixed.

5) The liquid level of safety liquid seal does not meet the requirements.

6) Use of atmospheric storage tank under pressure

7) The charging amount exceeds the specified limit.

8) No thermometer is installed in the abnormal temperature storage tank.

9) The container is cracked and still in use.

10) The storage tank is damaged by frequent alternating loads of vacuum and nitrogen.

11) Low boiling point solvent or liquefied gas storage tank is exposed to direct sunlight.

12) Outdoor storage tanks and other vehicles are in danger of collision.

13) The cofferdam hole in the dangerous goods tank farm is not blocked.

14) The protective dike of hazardous chemicals tank farm is not tightly blocked, and rainwater drainage holes are arbitrarily opened.

15) The cut-off valve leading to the drain pipe is in an unsafe state such as normally open.

16) For the outlet pipeline of flammable or corrosive materials in hazardous chemicals tank farm, the bracket is not provided with the compensation measures of hanging pressure spring, or the flexible connecting short pipe is directly adopted.

17) There are no warning signs in the hazardous chemicals tank farm, such as no cell phones, no fire sources, height limit and speed limit.

18) Dangerous goods tank farm has no leakage, feeding operation records and daily inspections.

19) Tractors enter the dangerous goods tank farm at will.

20) There are open flames or forest fires around the dangerous goods tank farm.

21) Electric furnaces, electric teapots and electric heating plates are used illegally in the operation room of dangerous goods tank farm.

22) The tank car has no grounding device at the loading and unloading location.

23) There are no measures to prevent the operator from falling from the tanker.

24) Tanks without effective flame arresters and unqualified vehicles (damaged lighting or brake failure) enter the tank farm.

25) The safety accessories (pressure gauge, thermometer and safety valve) of tank car storage tank have no inspection date or are invalid.

26) The tank of tank car is not marked with the next inspection date of pressure vessel.

27) There is no electrostatic drag chain, anti-virus equipment or valve leakage on the tank.

28) Before and after discharging, the grounding did not stand for more than 10 minutes.

29) When the tanker is discharging, the driver and escort leave the unloading site, and there is no on-site supervisor.

30) Open and splash discharging are adopted.

31) When discharging, make the storage tank exceed the standard liquid level or overflow with full material.

32) The hose or flange leaks when the vinyl chloride tanker is discharging.

33) When vinyl chloride is transported and fed, the tank is full.

34) When the tanker is not fully loaded, it will be transported and discharged in the factory for many times.

35) The unloading vehicle is a flameout and hand brake vehicle or a vehicle that starts during unloading.

36) When high-strength lightning and lightning strike are frequent, engage in unloading operation.

37) There are no two oil tank grounding points.

38) When loading and unloading gasoline and toluene, the operator did not wear antistatic work clothes and shoes.

39) Accident cofferdam and emergency spray dilution facilities are not set in the storage area of liquid ammonia and other storage tanks.

40) No emergency spraying and eye washing facilities are set on site.

41) There are no measures to prevent the wrong loading of materials, such as loading ethyl acetate into gasoline tanks.

42) stand on the petrol tank for welding.

43) Without cleaning, cut the petrol tank or weld the storage tank.

44) Liquid ammonia and vinyl chloride storage tanks are overloaded.

45) When the tanker is discharging, it will block the fire escape and occupy the access road.

46) The receiver leaves the unloading site.

47) Tools easy to generate sparks such as iron and plastic are used at the loading and unloading site.

48) There is no operation record for the material storage tank sent to the workshop by the tank farm.

3. Condenser and reboiler

1) Leakage caused by corrosion and gasket aging.

2) The material temperature after condensation is too high.

3) The heat exchange medium layer is blocked by silt and microorganisms.

4) High temperature surface is unprotected.

5) When cooling high-temperature liquid (such as 150℃), the inlet and outlet valves of cooling water are not opened, or the cooling water volume is insufficient.

6) When the evaporator is used for the first time, the temperature rises rapidly.

7) The shock-proof measures are not taken into account in the heat exchanger, so that the pipeline connected with it is loose and leaked due to vibration.

4, pipes and fittings

1) After the pipeline is installed, the internal welding slag and other foreign bodies are not cleaned.

2) The mirror glass is not clean or damaged.

3) The pressure resistance and temperature resistance of the selected viewing tube material are improper, and the viewing tube is improperly installed.

4) The sight tube is broken or used under pressure for a long time.

5) Anti-static grounding wire damage

6) pipes, flanges or bolts are seriously corroded and cracked.

7) High temperature pipeline is not insulated.

8) the vent tube is made into an elbow.

9) The pipeline material and flow direction are not clearly marked.

10) The color code of the pipeline is unclear.

11) During commissioning, valves connected in series with different materials were not blindly dead.

12) Abandoned pipelines are not cleaned in time.

13) The installation position of the pipe valve is low, which is easy to bump the head or is difficult to operate.

14) No protective measures have been taken for corrosive materials, such as pipelines and flanges, which are easy to leak.

15) There is the possibility that water, nitrogen, air and steam may enter the material pipeline.

16) Iron drums or plastic drums containing inflammable and explosive materials are placed beside high-temperature pipelines.

17) The materials of pipes or pipe fittings are unreasonable and easy to corrode.

18) Glass tube level gauge has no protective measures.

19) No protective metal net is installed at the mirror glass that may explode.

20) check valve can’t flexible action or failure.

21) Power failure of electric valve and gas stop of pneumatic valve.

22) Pressure pipelines such as hydrogen are not regularly maintained or run in spite of illness.

23) When using the pressure pipeline, the operators are untrained or unlicensed.

24) Maintenance personnel are not qualified to repair or transform pressure pipelines.

25) The welding quality of pressure pipeline is poor, and there are welding defects such as undercut, blowhole, slag inclusion and incomplete penetration.

26) The pressure pipeline is not equipped with safety accessories in accordance with regulations or the safety accessories are overdue and not verified.

27) No files and operating procedures have been established for pressure pipelines.

28) Glass lined pipes are impacted by steel pipes.

29) The existing pipeline valve is still used after the production process medium is changed, and the material adaptability is not considered.

30) The nitrogen pipe and the air pipe are connected in series.

31) Salt water pipe and cooling water pipe are connected in series.

5, delivery pump, vacuum pump

1) Pump leakage

2) Abnormal noise

3) The coupling has no protective cover.

4) The pump outlet is not equipped with pressure gauge or check valve.

5) When it is stopped for a long time, the liquid in the pump and pipeline is not drained, causing corrosion or freezing.

6) When the positive displacement pump is running, the outlet valve is closed or the safety backflow valve is not installed.

7) The inlet pipe diameter of the pump is small or the pipeline is long or there are many turns.

8) The installation height of centrifugal pump is higher than the suction height.

9) No antistatic belt is used.

6. Centrifuge

1) the solvent is filtered, and the nitrogen is not filled or the nitrogen pipeline is blocked or there is no flowmeter to display on site.

2) When the solvent needs to be filtered by centrifuge in the fine drying package, the oxygen detector and alarm device are not installed.

3) Brake quickly or with auxiliary tools (such as iron bars).

4) Centrifuge is not effectively grounded.

5) Anti-static belt is not used in the explosion-proof area.

6) When the centrifuge is running, the vibration is abnormal.

7, double cone

1) No fence and safety interlock device.

2) personnel climb into the double cone to replace the vacuum bag.

3) The drive belt is unprotected

4) shaft seal leakage

5) The vacuum pipeline is blocked or the vacuum valve is not opened when in use.

8. Gas cylinders

1) The gas cylinder is not equipped with a cap and a shockproof ring.

2) When hydrogen cylinders are transported and stored in summer, there is no shading measure, which leads to exposure.

3) Some gas cylinders exceed the annual inspection period.

4) When acetylene cylinder and oxygen cylinder are used at the same time, the safety distance is less than five meters.

5) Close the hydrogen cylinder valve with gloves with catalyst.

6) Knock the collision cylinder.

7) After the gas cylinder is used, the air pressure is less than 0.05Mpa.

8) Gas cylinder group, pipeline connection and valve damage

9) When the hydrogen bottle is used, the anti-static device is not used or it is broken.

10) There is no anti-falling measure for gas cylinders.

11) There are ditches and back channels in the storage place.

12) The storage place is not ventilated or poorly ventilated or corrosive gas enters.

13) Lack of fire fighting equipment

14) acetylene cylinders are put down for use.

15) The color of the gas cylinder is blurred.

[2] Electrical instruments

1. Non-explosion-proof electrical appliances or control cabinets are set in the explosion-proof area.

2. The window glass of the transformer room is damaged.

3. There are many sundries in the power distribution room.

4. There are steam water, material pipes, dust and corrosive substances in the distribution room, which leads to the aging of electrical equipment in the electrical cabinet and leads to short circuit accidents.

5, transformer outdoor acid fog corrosion or solvent infiltration or dust.

6. There are clothes and other sundries behind the control cabinet or substation cabinet.

7. The power distribution cabinet is too old and prone to short circuit.

8, cable near the high temperature pipeline.

9. Leakage of material pipes and sewage pipes around overhead cables causes corrosive materials to flow into the cable bridge.

10. Buried cables are corroded by groundwater.

11, cable shaft, ditch sewage serious infiltration.

12. The cable tray is seriously corroded.

13, cable protection casing aging fracture.

14. When cables or steel pipes laying electrical lines pass through holes in walls or floors between different places, they are not strictly blocked with non-combustible materials.

15, disorderly pull activity exhaust, lead to cable joint fall off, leakage.

16. The equipment tag number corresponding to the switch button is unclear.

17. There are messy and unknown cables in the workshop.

18, emergency lighting is not installed or broken.

19, open-air motor without protective cover

20, operation site illumination is not enough.

21. The electrical equipment is not matched with the electrical equipment (the calf pulls the cart and the old cow pulls the cart), resulting in heat damage and fire of the electrical equipment.

22, electrical equipment, cable tray flush

23, explosion-proof mirror lamp, lighting wing screw loose, light leakage.

[3] Static electricity

1. In inflammable and explosive places, the reaction kettle, pipeline, storage tank, condenser, delivery pump, flange and valve are not grounded or poorly grounded.

2. In inflammable and explosive places, the powder feeding hopper is not grounded and filled with nitrogen.

3, more than the safe flow rate (v2<0.64/d) to transport gasoline, toluene, cyclohexane and other liquids.

4. The hydrogen flow rate in the main pipe exceeds 12m/s, and the branch pipe exceeds 8m/s.

5. Spray gasoline from a high position into the bottom of the storage tank or the ground.

6. When nitrogen is not filled, aluminum isopropoxide and magnesium powder are put into the reaction kettle containing gasoline and toluene from the open funnel.

7. Wear clothes, shoes, hats and strenuous activities in inflammable and explosive places.

8, in flammable and explosive places, with chemical fiber material mop or rag scrub equipment or the ground.

9. Fill the plastic bucket with gasoline.

10. Wash work clothes or mop the floor or steel platforms and floors with solvents such as gasoline.

11. The wall of stainless steel and carbon steel storage tanks is not grounded with welded steel bars or flat steel, and there are no two grounding points over 50㎡.

12. There are places where flammable and explosive gases are emitted, and measures such as humidification are not adopted to eliminate electrostatic hazards.

13. Absorb or pack toluene or recycle toluene with plastic pipes.

14. Transport or stir gasoline with compressed air.

15. Anti-static slippers are not used in the explosion-proof clean area.

16, grounding flat steel, roof lightning protection belt rust, serious corrosion.

17, higher than the roof of the metal equipment welded steel into the lightning protection zone.

[4] Production site

1, storage of raw materials or waste is more.

2, the scene "run, run, drip, leak".

3. The insulation layer is damaged

4. Lack of effective fence

5. Normally closed fire doors are normally open

6. The operation posts with dust (magnesium powder, zinc powder, etc.) were not cleaned up in time.

7, metal sodium, sodium hydrogen storage, no rainproof measures or waste barrels, waste bags stored at will.

8. The fire escape is blocked or all kinds of pipelines and their supports hinder the passage.

9, lack of fire extinguishers or expired rust or fire belt, fire hydrant does not meet the requirements of fire control.

10. The waste bucket has multiple labels.

11, strong oxidant (hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, etc.) stacked on the wooden frame.

12, steel platform shaking amplitude is too large.

13, steel platform or steel column corrosion is serious.

14. The solvent concentration in some areas exceeds the standard.

15, high valve handle, iron bars, etc. are easy to fall.

16, concrete floor vibration is big.

17, outdoor steel shed or roof sundry.

18, anti-virus equipment expired or invalid.

19. Non-production appliances (food, newspapers and novels) are stored at the production site.

20. Lack of heatstroke prevention and cooling facilities in summer.

21. Outdoor small-diameter water pipes are not insulated in winter.

22. There are no sanitary facilities such as emergency shower and eye washing in the workshop or they are damaged.

23. The vehicle enters the production site without flame arrester.

24. Flammable and explosive places are not equipped with combustible gas alarm or fail.

25, reaction kettle, storage tank, pump, etc. are not marked with the equipment item number and name.

26, iron gate without fixed bolt, once the wind is strong, it may make the iron gate sparks, leading to danger.

27, warehouse threshold is low, in the event of an accident, dangerous goods will overflow.

28. Iron plates and steel pipes are stored on the ground at the production site.

[5] Personnel and site operation

1. There is no post operation record or incomplete operation record.

2. Absorbing, filling and transporting corrosive articles without wearing protective equipment.

3. There are phenomena such as the operators leaving their posts, leaving their posts and sleeping in their posts.

4. Dust masks were not worn at feeding posts such as powder.

5, quick switch valve

6. The layered kettle and tank bottom valve were not closed after layered.

7, layered kettle, tank water valve is too open, resulting in oil in the water discharged into the sewage pool or drainage time is too long to forget to close the valve and run away.

8, high temperature kettle, tower into the air.

9. The extraction catalysts (such as palladium carbon, activated nickel, etc.) are scattered on site.

10. Use iron bars to poke the blocked materials in pipes and kettles or use non-explosion-proof equipment to generate sparks.

11. No ear protectors or earplugs are worn in noisy environment.

12, storage tank overpressure use

13. Where flammable and explosive solvents such as gasoline and toluene are used, nitrogen gas is not used to replace the kettle and tank.

14, smoke, poor ventilation or lack of oxygen

15. Open the lid of the reaction kettle under pressure.

16. Employees have occupational taboos or allergies or have been exposed to poisons for too long.

17, emergency valve or emergency switch is not easy to operate.

18. Wear nail shoes or high heels and sandals in inflammable and explosive places.

[6] Civil engineering

1. There are no preventive measures (such as flame retardant material plugging) for the pipeline wells on the upper and lower floors where the fire may spread.

2. Explosion-proof wall and light roof are not used in the process with explosion danger, or sufficient explosion-proof surface is not considered.

3. The designed number of entrances, exits and emergency passages is insufficient or blocked or without obvious signs.

4. The foundation of the workshop has been corroded by acid and alkali substances, and the columns and beams have been seriously damaged.

5, when there is a strong wind, steel window glass is easy to fall off.

6. The stairs are too narrow or steep.

7. Poor indoor drainage or long-term water and oil accumulation in low-lying areas.

8. There is not enough space between the top of the head and the ceiling in the passage or work place.

9, in the case of unknown underground pipelines (water pipes, cables, etc.), dig the road at will.

10. Use large machinery to dig near underground cables and pipelines.

11. When hot work is carried out in the fire-forbidden area, the production workshop has not sent someone to monitor it.

12. Abnormal conditions (pipeline breakage, leakage, etc.) occurred during the construction, and the work was not stopped immediately for emergency treatment.

13. Excavated ditches, pits, pools, etc. and damaged pipelines are not provided with fences and signs, and lighting is not provided at night.

14, found that the soil may collapse or slide, did not stop working.

15. There are no measures to prevent underground empty tanks and pools from floating up.

16. During the operation of lowering the tank and the pool, the corresponding examination and approval procedures have not been handled or implemented in accordance with the examination and approval requirements (such as the implementation of labor insurance supplies and guardians), and the operation is not in place.

17. During non-civil work, start work without going through the "non-infrastructure employment procedures" or knowing the corresponding possible risks before the work, and with inadequate safety measures.

[7] production maintenance

1, cleaning and maintenance in the container, in case of danger, there is no emergency escape facilities or measures.

2, hot work without guardian or guardian by recent employees or illegal hot work.

3. Overload hoisting

4. Tools or hanging objects are not properly fixed.

5. Not equipped with or wearing protective equipment (safety helmet, safety belt, etc.)

6, no warning signs or signs have been blurred (such as to prevent electric shock, prevent falling objects, etc.)

7. During maintenance, step on suspended pipelines or small-diameter plastic pipelines and glass-lined pipelines or use unsafe climbing facilities.

8, electric welding machine, manual power tools and other cable damage caused by leakage, zero line damage or jumper.

9, blindly into the sewage pool, deep ditch, deep pool operation.

10. In winter, the pipe rack is frozen and slippery, without anti-skid measures.

11. The welder of the installation company has no welding certificate or the repairman has not received relevant training.

12. Work directly on the roof of fragile materials such as asbestos shingles and linoleum.

13, high homework, did not take preventive measures for cross homework.

14. When working at heights, the zero line of the electric welding machine is not connected to the welding position.

15. Do not wear a gas mask when working in areas with peculiar smell or possibly toxic gas.

16. No safety fence or safety net is set when repairing and digging holes in the wall at high places.

17, clean up the dangerous materials scattered from top to bottom.

18, manned with hoisting machinery

19, homework at night without enough lighting.

20, in case of more than six levels of strong winds or other bad weather, is still working high in the open air.

21. When working in the kettle, there are no more than two people outside the kettle for supervision.

22. When the kettle was overhauled, the power supply was not cut off and the sign "Someone overhauled, no closing" was hung.

23. The kettle was not effectively cleaned before entering the tank.

24. Before entering the tank, the concentration of combustible gas, oxygen content and toxic gas (CO, H2S) were not analyzed.

25. Before entering the tank, the material pipelines such as raw materials, solvents, steam, water, nitrogen and other pipelines were not reliably isolated.

26, in the process of maintenance, not to the kettle sampling analysis on a regular basis.

27. The sign "There is someone in the tank" is not hung on the obvious position outside the kettle.

28. The "double inspection system" was not implemented during the tank feeding operation.

29. The lighting in the kettle does not meet the safe voltage standard, and the voltage is greater than 24V in dry condition and 12V in wet condition.

30, after maintenance, not check, clean up the clutter is turned on.

31. Working in the kettle for a long time without rotation.

32, maintenance, kettle lack of necessary ventilation facilities.

33. Weld the outer wall surface or inner wall of the glass-lined tank.

34, into the glass-lined kettle, the tank is not paved with cushions.

35, rapid heating or rapid cooling glass-lined kettle

36. When the glass-lined tank is used, the bolts and clips of the tank mouth or manhole fall into the kettle.

37. When glass-lined kettle, stainless steel kettle and carbon steel kettle are used, acid enters the kettle jacket.

38. The selected materials have not been audited for temperature, PH and corrosion solubility, and the occasions where there may be pressure have not been specially audited for pressure.

39. After maintenance, all the spaces in the kettle and the maintenance site have not been completely cleared and rechecked, and the trial operation has started.

40. After the overhaul, the relevant matters have not been fully communicated, the changes have not been confirmed and approved, and the relevant personnel have not been fully trained and understood.

41, maintenance without operation confirmation that feeding production.

[8] Production technology

1, there is a sudden reaction, lack of response measures and training.

2. Change the feeding amount or ratio at will.

3, improve the process or new technology, no safety assessment.

4. The process change has not been strictly reviewed and approved.

5. The process is operated within the explosion limit of combustible gas.

6. When using highly toxic materials, adopt exposure operation.

7, did not write the process operation procedures for trial production.

8. The physical properties of the materials used and the precautions for safe use have not been compiled.

9. When the materials used are decomposed, the heat generated is not accounted for in detail.

10. There is potential danger of dust explosion.

11. When some raw materials cannot be put into use in time, there is danger when the materials in the kettle are temporarily stored.

12, raw materials or intermediates in storage will occur spontaneous combustion or polymerization or decomposition risk.

13. Various parameters (temperature, pressure, etc.) in the process are close to the dangerous limit.

14. When an abnormal situation occurs, there is no measure to discharge the reactants quickly.

15. There are no measures to prevent and stop the sharp reaction.

Source: Kunshan Safety Supervision, Minhang Safety Production