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1. Is the battery of electric vehicle a dry battery or a lithium battery?

Dry batteries are generally lead-acid batteries. With the same capacity and voltage, the weight of lead-acid battery is three times that of lithium battery. Lead-acid batteries also have a short life. Current lead-acid batteries can’t go far in two years, while lithium batteries can last for five years. Due to its own weight, the battery life is incomparable to that of lithium batteries. But dry batteries are cheaper. It depends on how you choose. What suits you is a good lithium battery electric car: advantages: high efficiency. The car body is light, the mileage is long, and the requirements for the use and maintenance of users are not strict. Disadvantages: the price is high, and the domestic lithium battery technology is uneven, and the lithium battery used for electric vehicles has potential safety hazards. Lead-acid battery electric vehicle: advantages: high cost performance. The battery is relatively cheap, with large capacity, many battery brands and mature technology. Disadvantages: the efficiency is not very high. The battery pack is bulky, resulting in a heavy body and short mileage, so it is necessary to maintain the battery regularly.

2. Is dry battery or lead-acid battery better for electric vehicles?

Electric bicycles and motorcycles have become important means of transportation in large, medium and small cities and are generally accepted by people. Compared with traditional bicycles, the price of electric bicycles is generally higher, so the service life has become the most concerned issue. In fact, the battery is one of the core components of the electric bicycle, and the service life of the battery largely determines the service life of the electric bicycle. In this regard, Chaowei Battery said that strengthening the maintenance of the battery will extend the service life of the battery. It is understood that the batteries used in electric vehicles are lead-acid batteries! Dry batteries are a scam! In addition, I will send you a message: the starting current of electric vehicles is very large, especially for electric motorcycles with high-power motors. Heavy current will damage the battery plate. The best way is to start the power supply after riding the electric car like riding a bicycle. After the battery is used for a period of time, some active substances will inevitably settle. If the active substance is not activated in time, it will definitely affect the capacity of the battery. Deep discharge the battery once. Judging from the current use of electric vehicle batteries, lead-acid batteries are mature in technology, cheap in price and stable in performance. The dry battery of electric vehicle is mainly lithium battery, which is twice as expensive as lead-acid battery, but its service life is longer than that of lead-acid battery, but with the increase of charging times, its service life will become shorter and shorter. For example, lead-acid batteries need to be replaced once a year, and lithium batteries can be replaced once every two years, but lead-acid batteries can be replaced once a year, and the cruising range of lithium batteries will be shortened in the second year, which will affect their use.Compare their respective prices, calculate the cost and your own usage, and see which is more cost-effective. I recommend lead-acid batteries. Dry batteries are easy to use, durable and small in size, but the price is a bit expensive. It is the future development. Lead-acid batteries will be out of stock. Use lead-acid batteries. The storage capacity is stronger. If you ride it every day, you’d better charge it every day. I know a lot of fake batteries, so it’s unnecessary, right?

3. Is lithium battery for electric vehicle really better than lead-acid battery?

Lead-acid batteries have the largest number. Lead-acid batteries are the cheapest and most commonly used. China is the largest producer of lead-acid batteries in the world. It contains less pollution components and has good recyclability. The disadvantage is that the specific volume is small. In other words, under the same capacity, the weight and volume of the battery are very large. At present, lead-acid batteries are basically developed from floating batteries. Floating battery is not suitable for fast charge and high current discharge. Although technicians have spent a lot of energy on effective improvement and can put it into practical use, its service life is still very long. Colloidal batteries belong to a development category of lead-acid batteries. The simplest method is to add gelling agent to sulfuric acid, so that sulfuric acid can be electrically liquefied into colloidal state. The battery with electro-hydraulic colloid state is usually called colloid battery. In a broad sense, the difference between colloidal battery and traditional lead-acid battery is not only that electro-hydraulic battery is changed into colloid. For example, non-condensed hydrocolloids belong to colloidal batteries in electrochemical classification structure and characteristics. Another example is that polymer materials are attached to the grid, commonly known as ceramic grid, which can also be regarded as the application characteristics of colloidal batteries. Recently, some laboratories have added targeted coupling agents to the polar plate formula, which greatly improved the reaction utilization rate of the polar plate active materials. According to unpublished data, its weight ratio can reach 70wh/kg. These are the current industrial practice and the application examples of colloidal batteries that will be industrialized soon. The difference between colloidal batteries and conventional lead-acid batteries is that from the initial understanding of electrolyte gelation to the study of electrochemical characteristics of electrolyte basic structure,Then to the application and promotion of grid and active materials. Its most important feature is to manufacture better batteries along the road of lead-acid battery industry for 150 years with relatively small industrial cost. Its discharge curve is flat and its inflection point is high, and its specific energy is 20 times larger than that of conventional lead-acid batteries. The battery of electric vehicle must choose lithium battery. Lead-acid batteries used in traditional electric vehicle batteries will produce a lot of pollution and lead vapor after being discarded. According to statistics, a batch of waste batteries of electric vehicles will pollute tens of thousands of tons of water. Lead is not easy to be excreted, and it can also cause diseases such as metabolism, reproduction and nerves. Once the lead content in the human body exceeds the standard, it will lead to mental decline, fetal malformation, and it is easy to induce malignant tumors in children and even lead to death. Compared with lead-acid batteries, lithium batteries have natural advantages in environmental protection. The materials used for lithium batteries do not contain harmful heavy metals such as cadmium, lead and mercury. In the process of production and use, lithium batteries do not produce any pollutants, which ensures human health. Solved the problems of water source and soil. In addition, lithium batteries also have the advantages of large specific energy, long cycle life, low self-discharge rate and no memory effect. The storage energy density of lithium batteries is high, which has reached 460-600wh/kg at present, which is about 6-7 times that of lead-acid batteries. The service life can reach more than 6 years, and the anode lithium iron phosphate battery can charge and discharge 1cdo. Can be used for 10,000 times; It has high power tolerance, and the Ferrous lithium phosphate lithium-ion battery used in electric vehicles can realize the charge and discharge capacity of 15-30c, which is convenient for high-intensity start acceleration;The self-discharge rate is extremely low, which is generally lower than 1% per month at present, less than 1/20 of that of Ni-MH battery; Lithium battery can completely meet the power requirements of electric vehicle batteries, and become an ideal product for electric vehicle applications because of its green and environmental protection characteristics. I hope it will help you.

4. Why are the batteries of electric vehicles all lead-acid batteries?

Of course not, because lead-acid batteries have the following characteristics and advantages: sealed structure, no acid leakage and no acid mist emission. One-way exhaust valve (also called safety valve), the function of this valve is that when the amount of gas inside the battery exceeds a certain value (usually expressed by air pressure value), that is, when the air pressure inside the battery rises to a certain value, the exhaust valve automatically opens, discharges gas, and then automatically closes the valve to prevent air from entering the battery. Compared with ordinary lead-acid batteries used in automobiles, valve-regulated lead-acid batteries have two main characteristics: one is sealing; The second is dry. Sealing means that there is basically no acid mist discharged. Generally, the VRLA battery is "zero emission" during its operation (charging and discharging), and only when the gas pressure in the battery exceeds the opening pressure of the safety valve in the later period of charging can a small amount of mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen be discharged, and at this time, a small amount of acid mist is filtered out by a filter material. Dry state means that the VRLA battery has no free flowing electrolyte, and can be placed in any direction, not afraid of bumps and collisions, and no acid will leak out even if the shell is broken. During the use of lead-acid batteries, chemical energy is only continuously converted into electrical energy, and electrical energy is also converted into chemical energy, which is repeatedly circulated, thus causing "zero emission" to the external environment and no pollution to the environment, which you do not have with 40 No.5 batteries. 1. Electric vehicle batteries are not all lead-acid. Now there are many lithium-ion electric vehicle batteries, and most of them are composed of many small batteries. The adoption of lead-acid batteries is the result of many considerations such as production difficulty, cost and reliability.2. The basic feature of lead-acid battery is that it does not need to be maintained by adding acid and water during use. The battery has a sealed structure, which will not leak acid or discharge acid mist. The battery cover is equipped with a one-way exhaust valve (also called a safety valve), which is used to prevent air from entering the battery when the gas volume inside the battery exceeds a certain value (usually expressed by air pressure value), that is, when the air pressure inside the battery rises to a certain value, the exhaust valve will automatically open, exhaust gas and then automatically close the valve to prevent air from entering the battery. 3. Compared with ordinary lead-acid batteries used in automobiles, VRLA batteries have two main characteristics: one is sealing; The second is dry. 4. Sealing means basically no acid mist is discharged. Generally, the VRLA battery is "zero emission" during its operation (charging and discharging), and only when the gas pressure in the battery exceeds the opening pressure of the safety valve in the later period of charging can a small amount of mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen be discharged, and at this time, a small amount of acid mist is filtered out by a filter material. 5. Dry state means that the VRLA battery has no free flowing electrolyte, and can be placed in any direction, without fear of bumps and collisions, and even if the shell is broken, there will be no acid leakage. 6. During the use of lead-acid batteries, chemical energy is only continuously converted into electrical energy, and electrical energy is also converted into chemical energy, which is "zero emission" to the external environment and will not cause pollution to the environment. One reason: cheap. If you change to a lithium battery, the battery will cost thousands ~ now it mainly depends on lead acid to store electricity and generate electricity, and there is no better material to replace it. Besides, this cost is low, which is suitable for the needs first! Not all batteries of electric vehicles are lead-acid.Now there are many lithium-ion electric vehicle batteries. Lithium-ion electric vehicle batteries. Most of them are also composed of many small batteries. The adoption of lead-acid batteries is the result of many considerations such as production difficulty, cost and reliability. Your scheme is feasible in theory, but just accumulating one item based on the quality difference between batteries makes your scheme useless. Not to mention cost and reliability.

5. What kinds of batteries are available for pure electric vehicles? There are two types of batteries for electric vehicles, storage batteries and fuel cells. Batteries are suitable for pure electric vehicles, including lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, sodium-sulfur batteries, secondary lithium batteries and air batteries. Among them, lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries and nickel-hydrogen batteries appeared earlier, and they are also the types of batteries that have been generally eliminated. Nowadays, the mainstream pure electric vehicles are basically lithium batteries, mainly including lithium cobalt oxide batteries, such as products; Lithium manganate batteries, such as (||) and Leaf Wind; Lithium iron phosphate batteries, such as products, (||), etc. Lead-acid battery is the most commonly used new energy vehicle battery. The polar plate of lead-acid battery is a grid made of lead alloy, the electrolyte is dilute sulfuric acid, and both polar plates are covered with lead sulfate. However, after charging, the lead sulfate on the electrode plate at the positive electrode is converted into lead dioxide, and the lead sulfate at the negative electrode is converted into metallic lead. When discharging, the chemical reaction in the opposite direction occurs. The advantage of lead-acid battery is that the electromotive force is stable when discharging, but the disadvantage is that the specific energy is small and it is corrosive to the environment. 1. There are two main types of batteries for electric vehicles, battery and fuel cell. Batteries are suitable for pure electric vehicles, including lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, sodium-sulfur batteries, secondary lithium batteries and air batteries. 2. Among them, lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries and nickel-hydrogen batteries appeared earlier, and they are also battery types that have been generally eliminated. Nowadays, the mainstream pure electric vehicles are basically lithium batteries, mainly including lithium cobalt batteries, such as Tesla products;Lithium manganate batteries, such as Toyota Prius and Nissan Leaf; Lithium iron phosphate batteries, such as BYD products, 1E, etc. 3. Lead-acid battery is the most commonly used battery for new energy vehicles. The polar plate of lead-acid battery is a grid made of lead alloy, the electrolyte is dilute sulfuric acid, and both polar plates are covered with lead sulfate. However, after charging, lead sulfate on the electrode plate at the positive electrode is converted into lead dioxide. 4. Lead sulfate at the negative electrode is converted into metallic lead. When discharging, the chemical reaction in the opposite direction occurs. The advantage of lead-acid battery is that the electromotive force is stable when discharging, but the disadvantage is that the specific energy is small and it is corrosive to the environment. For the time being, there are only experimental products for sodium-sulfur batteries for vehicles. 1. There are many kinds of fuel cells, such as hydrogen fuel cells, high-temperature fuel cells, direct methanol fuel cells, methanol reforming hydrogen fuel cells, metal fuel cells and so on. 2. At present, hydrogen fuel cells are the mainstream in the field of passenger cars, and Toyota is the representative factory. The biggest feature is that it can achieve pollution-free throughout the life cycle (from the beginning of raw material manufacturing to the final recycling). 3. The fuel hydrogen used has the characteristics of high energy density and zero pollution. The disadvantage is that the current cost is very high, and the volume power density is limited. Take the representative of the fuel cell vehicle (||) as an example, the volume of the fuel cell system of NO is roughly equivalent to a V6 engine, but the output power is only in the early 100KW, which is about 140 horsepower. The price of the whole vehicle is roughly equivalent to 338 horsepower. In fact, these two kinds of batteries can be said to have their own advantages. At present, lithium iron phosphate batteries are used a little more, because Ferrous lithium phosphate has good cycle stability.The cost is also relatively low. However, the consistency of Ferrous lithium phosphate is not as good as that of ternary battery, and there are still many problems in material stability, safety and processing technology. The specific landlord can check again, and the relevant information is still quite a lot. Personally, I recommend ternary batteries. At present, Ferrous lithium phosphate and ternary batteries are the main ones, and lithium manganate can be ignored. Take our car as an example. ev160 uses lithium iron phosphate battery, which is ternary lithium battery. Ferrous lithium phosphate’s technology is more perfect, but its future development is not as good as ternary lithium. I bought ev160, so I recommend Ferrous lithium phosphate, and I will buy ternary lithium car when ternary lithium technology is mature. Land Ark brought its newly listed pure electric vehicle v5s at the 2015 Energy Saving and New Energy Auto Show. The car was launched on October 15th, 2015, and it is the upgraded version of the first pure electric v5 launched by Land Ark in 2013. According to the staff, the car has a battery life of 150 kilometers and the price is about 75,000 yuan. Compared with lithium iron phosphate battery, ternary lithium battery has several improvements: power increase, energy density increase, charging rate increase, good low-temperature performance, and battery cells are combined and packaged. But lithium ternary is more unstable than Ferrous lithium phosphate, so the good and bad are 50% and 50% respectively.

The opening of Liu Shishi’s new drama "One Mind Close the Mountain" rekindled the popularity of "85 Flowers", but it also caused a lot of controversy. Whether it’s the interpretation in the play or the scriptwriting and publicity outside the play, it’s embarrassing for this play. Controversy was inevitable from the beginning, from the arrangement of the position to the plot and drama, and then to other aspects, which led to the drama being disturbed after its launch. Although it should have been an opportunity for Liu Shishi to get rid of the downturn of "85 Flowers", it failed in the end.

Although Liu Shishi’s popularity and influence still exist, so that her light in the entertainment circle is still dazzling, but the lack of an outstanding masterpiece, so that her future road is still full of bumps. The most painful thing at the moment is Angelababy, the representative of 85 flowers. A "crazy horse show" incident completely changed her life track, so far her account has been banned, and all activities have come to a standstill, becoming the first one among the 85 flowers to fall. In the past two years, Angelababy has mainly relied on variety shows to maintain its popularity. Although it has continuously introduced new works and actively tried to transform itself, it has made some achievements, but it has not yet stabilized.

Whether it’s Skyscraper or Wind Rises in Longxi, Angelababy’s progress is obvious. She is no longer a simple vase, but an actress with shaping and expressive force. However, she still failed to persist, and in a flash she returned to the old road, and filmed such heartbreaking works as What Love Should Be, Twilight Heart Agreement, and Dust Margin. What is even more surprising is that she was involved in the "Crazy Horse Show Storm" and finally paid a huge price and withdrew from the competition ahead of schedule. She was not good at performing in 85 flowers, but later relied on the "Run" program to maintain her popularity, and at the same time showed her determination to transform, but it was disappointing in the end.

Her change is not thorough and decisive enough, and she always swings from side to side, which leads to frustration in her career and is difficult to recover in a short time. Similar to Angelababy, there is Yang Mi, who has also returned to the old road while undergoing transformation, while relying on variety shows to maintain her popularity. However, it was obvious that she was not reconciled, so when the announcement of the new drama Harbin 1944 caused controversy, she published a determined blog post. She said that as an actor, shaping the role is the primary task. In this era, real talent will never be concealed, and the order of names should also give way to the role. It can be seen that she is eager to prove her strength.

Tang Yan: The revival of performing arts In the new year, entertainment works emerge in an endless stream, and both movies and TV plays show different styles. "There is nothing that can’t be solved by a hot pot" was originally scheduled, but it was suddenly changed to May Day, which made people full of expectations and variables. However, this year, she has a new book, which is just the right time to show her strength. However, before that, Tang Yan had already taken the lead in making her mark, and stood out ahead of time, becoming the outstanding actor of her generation.

Tang Yan has been appearing in variety shows like a tool man in the past year, bring disgrace to oneself, but at the end of the year and the beginning of the year, he successfully turned over and took the lead in breaking through! For this play, Tang Yan didn’t take another play for three years. She worked hard and polished hard, and was carefully guided by director Wong Kar-wai, and finally proved herself by virtue of her strength. After eight years, Tang Yan finally has a highly acclaimed work again. "Flowers" scored a high score of 8.1 on Douban. For Tang Yan, this drama is the best in her acting career for more than ten years.

In Flowers, Tang Yan and the role Miss Wang are perfectly integrated, showing a graceful and lifelike image. Although playing the role of a migrant worker in the workplace, it has given her more tenacious vitality. Tang Yan showed the external and internal charm of the role through her free performance, which made the audience crazy, distressed by her experience, sighed for her pain, cheered for her cry and cheered for her struggle. She finally chose to start her own business independently, proved herself and became her own support. After going through the stage of getting married and having children, Tang Yan once fell into silence, but obviously she was not content with it.

It took her three years to shoot a work. She just wanted to prove that she is still an excellent actress. Although she is over sixty years old, she has not lost her acting skills. Although she almost destroyed her image through variety shows in 2023, at the end of the year, she finally turned over successfully with Flowers, which proved herself and gave a blow to those who ignored her. Born in 1985, she once again glowed with new brilliance. After 90 s and 95 s, they have become the backbone of the entertainment industry, and they are also emerging after 00, and the golden age of actors born in 1985 has long passed.

After experiencing various events such as marriage, having children and divorce, they have quietly fallen behind. Obviously, however, they are not willing to be silent. Although they have entered middle age, their ambitions are still there, and they are all eager to win a place for themselves in the new stage. However, the reality is cruel, and a little carelessness may lead to failure. In today’s era, to achieve lasting success, the key still lies in personal strength and works created.

　　On February 24, 2022, local time, in Kharkov, Ukraine, black smoke rose from a military airport in Chuguyev near Kharkov. Russian President Vladimir Putin announced military action against Ukraine on February 24, 2022, and then explosions were heard all over the country. Vision china diagram

　　On February 24, 2022, the Ukrainian crisis suddenly escalated. Looking back on this year, people deeply feel the impact of this crisis on the world.

　　Over the past year, what has changed is not only the jagged confrontation front, but also NATO’s aid to Ukraine from protective helmets to main battle tanks, and the increasing number of casualties every day, as well as the European economy that is constantly losing blood, the doubled electricity and flour bills of Hungarian bakeries, and the high feed price faced by Tunisian farmers … … This "the largest military conflict in Europe since the 21st century" has brought severe global security challenges, drastic geopolitical changes and extensive economic and social impacts, far exceeding expectations.

　　Over the past year, more and more people of insight in the world have realized that the United States is clinging to unilateralism, hegemonism and the Cold War mentality, playing geopolitical games under the banner of ideology, and its various bad actions are fundamentally shaking world peace and stability. When the world is in turmoil and intertwined, only by adhering to peace, development, cooperation and win-win, replacing division with unity, confrontation with cooperation and exclusion with tolerance, is the correct way for human society to overcome the difficulties together.

　　On March 3, 2022, in Kiev, the capital of Ukraine, children looked out of the window on a train bound for Lviv. Vision china diagram

　　The security situation is even more severe.

　　Artillery, tanks, drones, smoke, ruins, refugees … … Similar images are scrolled on TV and social media almost every day, telling the world that the intensity of this conflict has not diminished with the passage of time. On the contrary, the western countries led by the United States are trying their best to defeat Russia, and the global security situation is facing the risk of spiral deterioration.

　　Under the leadership of the United States, NATO continued to send weapons and equipment to Ukraine, providing personnel training and intelligence support, which constantly fueled the crisis. Since the Biden administration came to power, the total amount of military assistance promised by the United States to Ukraine has reached $30 billion. From the initial provision of non-lethal military equipment such as helmets to the provision of lethal weapons such as individual anti-tank missiles, to the provision of heavy weapons such as armored vehicles and self-propelled artillery, recently, it promised to provide main battle tanks and began to discuss the provision of offensive weapons such as fighter jets. The western aid to the Ukrainian army has been continuously upgraded. NATO has continuously strengthened its military deployment in the surrounding areas of Russia, such as Eastern Europe and the Baltic countries, actively recruited Sweden and Finland into the treaty, and NATO member countries such as Germany, France and Denmark have substantially increased their defense expenditures. These actions are constantly stimulating Russia’s security nerves.

　　In the view of Hungarian Prime Minister Orban, Europe "has actually indirectly fought with Russia", "We will soon hear the so-called ‘ Peacekeeping forces ’ This kind of thing. " Fyodor Lukjanov, research director of the Valdai International Debate Club in Russia, believes that the supply of tanks by the West to Ukraine is likely to lead Russia and NATO to the brink of direct conflict. In an interview with Tass news agency, Russian Foreign Minister Lavrov also warned that western policies aimed at comprehensively containing Russia are extremely dangerous and may lead to direct armed conflicts between nuclear powers.

　　In response to western military pressure, Russia is also stepping up its military strength and demonstrating its strategic deterrent capability. On the one hand, the Russian army increased its attack on the military, communications and energy infrastructure of Ukraine in order to undermine the potential of the Ukrainian war. On the other hand, Russia has expanded its military strength through partial mobilization, and plans to carry out large-scale adjustment from 2023 to 2026, expanding the number of troops to 1.5 million, and at the same time strengthening equipment supply guarantee and infrastructure construction to meet national defense needs.

　　The reason why this crisis has reached this stage lies in the fact that NATO, led by the United States, sticks to the Cold War mentality, indulges in zero-sum games and is keen on camp confrontation, trying to weaken Russia to the maximum extent through "proxy war". "With the closure of the dialogue channel, the artillery became a megaphone." Pan Kajie Mishra, a columnist of Bloomberg News, wrote that the escalating military assistance from the United States and Europe to Ukraine has opened a "dangerous new era" in global politics.

　　On March 25th, 2022, in Kharkov, Ukraine, after an attack, a man searched for items from a burning shop. Vision china diagram

　　Geopolitical map remodeling

　　As Mishra said, the escalation of the Ukrainian crisis profoundly reshaped the global geopolitical pattern.

　　The confrontation between the west and Russia, led by the United States, has intensified. Fu Limin, a former US Assistant Secretary of Defense and senior diplomat, said in an interview with Xinhua News Agency a few days ago that US President Biden repeatedly stressed that the US supports Ukraine "as long as it takes". If Biden’s meaning is consistent with that of US Secretary of Defense Austin, that is, the main goal of the United States is to weaken and isolate Russia, then this goal will not only be achieved, but also lead to a series of negative consequences. If the bloody conflict continues for a long time, it will not be good for Europe, Russia, Ukraine and the United States.

　　There is a growing rift between Europe, which has been hit, and the United States, which is profiting from it. At the beginning of the escalation of the Ukrainian crisis, Europe and the United States showed a gesture of "unity", but soon Europe strongly felt the anti-itself effect brought by sanctions against Russia: energy prices soared, prices rose sharply, and people complained. The United States not only sold energy and arms to Europe at high prices, but also enacted the Inflation Reduction Act and the Chip and Science Act of 2022, which contained huge industrial subsidies and overbearing provisions to curb competition, seriously hurting European interests and causing strong dissatisfaction among European countries. Michele Geraci, former Italian Deputy Minister of Economic Development, said that NATO’s eastward expansion under the leadership of the United States is one of the root causes of the escalation of the Ukrainian crisis, and the cost of the crisis is mainly borne by Europe.

　　Most developing countries refuse to take sides and show their willingness to be independent. The US government once pressured Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and other allies in the Middle East to increase oil production to lower international oil prices, and cooperated with Western sanctions against Russia, resulting in a cold reception. At the 59th Munich Security Conference held a few days ago, the leaders of the United States and other western countries trumpeted the "Russian threat theory", which was refuted by developing countries. Colombian Vice President Francesca Marquez said: "We don’t want to continue to discuss who will win or lose the war. We are all losers. " The Financial Times website pointed out that some leaders in African and South American countries were obviously disappointed. They believed that the Ukrainian crisis consumed time, money and attention at the expense of other pressing issues.

　　In fact, developing countries are increasingly dissatisfied with the western-led international order. The Munich Security Report 2023 released by the Mu An Conference pointed out that the escalation of the Ukrainian crisis has brought challenges to the international order, and many Asian, African and Latin American countries have "reasonable dissatisfaction" with the existing international order. Such dissatisfaction needs to be respected and the world needs to reshape the vision of the international order.

　　On June 15th, 2022, local time, in Donbass region, Ukrainian soldiers opened fire on Russian positions on the front line of Donbass region in eastern Ukraine with a French Caesar gun of 155 mm /52 times caliber. Vision china diagram

　　Spillover effects spread all over the world

　　Faced with the double price of tomatoes, rice, eggs and other foods, Egyptian garbage collector Abdarrahman had to find a part-time job at night to support three children; Meria, a small Tunisian farmer, could not afford the surge in the cost caused by the surge in feed prices and had to sell one-third of his livestock to reduce losses; Margit, a Hungarian bread shop owner, watched the natural gas bill rise more than six times and his business was in trouble … … The escalation of the Ukrainian crisis, especially the severe western sanctions against Russia, has had a major impact on the economic and social fields of various countries, and the spillover effect has spread all over the world.

　　On the economic level, the prices of food, energy and other commodities have risen, which has aggravated global inflation. Russia is a major producer of oil and natural gas in the world. Many rounds of western sanctions against Russia interfered with and destroyed the market mechanism, which led to a record high in European natural gas prices. Russia and Ukraine are both major grain exporters, and the conflict has blocked the exports of the two countries. In particular, the western countries set up "hidden barriers" against Russian agricultural products exports, which caused Russian exporters to be "stuck in the neck" in many links, and international food prices fluctuated greatly. According to the data of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, in 2022, a total of about 205 million people in 45 countries and regions were in a state of "crisis" or more serious food insecurity, with a significant increase over the previous year. According to the latest data of the International Monetary Fund, the global inflation rate was 8.8% in 2022, much higher than 4.7% in 2021. The inflation rates in the United States, Europe and Japan are all at high points in decades, and the inflation situation in some emerging markets and developing economies such as Turkey and Argentina is even more severe.

　　On the social level, the escalation of the Ukrainian crisis triggered a new wave of refugees, which also aggravated the global poverty problem. Over the past year, millions of refugees have fled Ukraine, forming the largest refugee tide in Europe since World War II, crowding out public resources such as housing, education and medical care in European countries, making the finances of these countries overwhelmed and posing a severe test to their social security and coordination capabilities. From a global perspective, high food prices have the most serious impact on the poorest people in the world. According to the World Bank’s estimation, for every 1% increase in food prices, 10 million people in the world will fall into extreme poverty. The intensification of inflation is also intensifying social contradictions in many countries, and protests and riots caused by the decline in purchasing power occur from time to time.

　　On November 13th, 2022, local time, members of a Ukrainian family were reunited for the first time since Russian troops withdrew from Hellson. Vision china diagram

　　At present, the Ukrainian crisis has no signs of calming down, and the spillover effect on the world economy and society will continue. Georgieva, managing director of the International Monetary Fund, said that the Ukrainian crisis was the "biggest negative factor" facing the world economy in 2022, and it may be the same in 2023.

　　劝和促谈方为正道

　　乌克兰危机负载着上世纪冷战遗留的历史问题，凸显当下百年大变局中的复杂博弈。

　　世界又一次站在历史的十字路口。

　　中国对冲突扩大化、长期化感到担忧。一年来，中国始终站在和平一边，站在对话一边，倡导共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，为推动局势降温、尽早实现停火止战和避免人道主义危机作出努力。

　　回顾中方历次表态，劝和促谈始终是关键词，呼吁理性冷静一以贯之。

　　从冲突发生的第二天起，习近平主席就提议通过对话寻求政治解决争端。习近平主席明确指出，冲突战争没有赢家，复杂问题没有简单答案，大国对抗必须避免。他多次同法国、德国、美国等国领导人和欧盟等区域组织负责人通话，清晰阐明在乌克兰问题上的立场主张：“各国主权、领土完整都应该得到尊重，联合国宪章宗旨和原则都应该得到遵守，各国合理安全关切都应该得到重视，一切有利于和平解决危机的努力都应该得到支持”，“要坚持劝和促谈”“要防止出现更大规模人道主义危机”“要构建欧洲和亚欧大陆持久和平”“要防止局部冲突扩大化”。

　　2022年4月，习近平主席提出全球安全倡议，为应对国际安全挑战、实现世界长治久安提出中国方案，在国际上获得广泛认同与支持。日前，中国政府发布《全球安全倡议概念文件》，为解决全球安全难题提供更系统的思路、更可行的举措。

　　巴基斯坦总理夏巴兹·谢里夫说，全球安全倡议倡导协同合作的发展方式，这超越了通过强权竞争与军备竞赛来实现自身安全最大化的零和思维。印尼智库亚洲创新研究中心主席班邦·苏尔约诺表示，不同于某些西方国家片面追求自身安全的思维，中国提出的全球安全倡议追求的是共同安全，是强调和平、合作的安全观，有利于建立相互尊重、平等互信的国际秩序，对人类实现持久和平与长远发展具有重要意义。

　　观察人士指出，人类社会绝不能重走阵营对立、分裂对抗的老路，绝不能陷入零和博弈、战争冲突的陷阱。建设一个更加安全的世界，是各国人民的强烈愿望，是世界各国的共同责任，更是时代前进发展的正确方向。全球安全倡议所倡导的理念主张，所提出的“支持通过对话谈判政治解决乌克兰危机等热点问题”的具体路径，为化解危机、维护世界和平稳定提供了重要指引。