Top Ten Provinces with the Most Investment in Real Estate Development： Why are Guangdong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang in the Top Three？

　　In recent years, where has China invested the most in real estate development? Where is the growth rate fast?

　　Generally speaking, the three most important fixed assets are industrial investment, infrastructure investment and real estate development investment. Among them, in terms of real estate development investment, in recent years, with the differentiation of regional property market, the growth rate of real estate development investment in various places has also differentiated.

　　According to the data of the National Bureau of Statistics, the First Financial Reporter combed the data of real estate development investment in 31 provinces in 2020 and the statistics of the growth rate of real estate development investment since 2011, and found that the top ten provinces of real estate development investment were Guangdong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong, Henan, Sichuan, Anhui, Fujian, Hubei and Hunan, and it can be seen that they are mainly economic provinces and populous provinces. From the changes in recent years, Tibet, Guizhou, Gansu, Guangdong, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Henan, Qinghai, Zhejiang and Jiangxi rank in the top ten, and the growth rate of real estate development investment is mainly related to population flow, urbanization rate and economic development speed.

　　Table: Investment in real estate development in 31 provinces in 2020 (data source: National Bureau of Statistics)

　　Ten provinces with the largest investment in real estate development in 2020: Guangdong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, exceeding one trillion.

　　The data shows that in 2020, investment in real estate development in three provinces exceeded the trillion mark, namely Guangdong (1,731.3 billion yuan), Jiangsu (1,317.1 billion yuan) and Zhejiang (1,141.4 billion yuan).

　　According to statistics from Guangdong Provincial Bureau of Statistics, in 2020, the investment in real estate development in Guangdong was 1.73 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.2%. In the same period, the sales area of commercial housing in Guangdong increased by 7.7% year-on-year, an increase of 8.6 percentage points over the previous three quarters, the highest growth rate since 2018.

　　In 2020, the investment in real estate development in Guangdong is more than 400 billion yuan than that in Jiangsu. Judging from the data changes in the past decade, from 2011 to 2014, Guangdong’s investment in real estate development has been less than that of Jiangsu, but after Guangdong overtook Jiangsu in 2015, its leading edge continued to expand.

　　Table: Investment in real estate development in the four major economic provinces along the eastern coast from 2011 to 2020 (unit: 100 million yuan). Source: National Bureau of Statistics)

　　Among them, the growth of real estate demand brought by population growth is the biggest key. According to the population data of Qipu, the population of Guangdong has increased by 21.709 million in the past ten years. It accounts for 30% of the national increase. The increase in Guangdong is almost equal to the total increase in Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Shandong provinces. In the same period, the increase in Jiangsu was 6.088 million, only 28% of that in Guangdong.

　　Peng Peng, executive chairman of Guangdong Provincial System Reform Research Association, analyzed the First Financial Report. The investment in real estate development is closely related to population changes. In particular, land indicators are now linked to population. In recent years, the population growth rate of Guangdong is much faster than that of Jiangsu. The annual increase is equivalent to an increase in the population of a medium-sized city, and a medium-sized city has a great demand for real estate.

　　Zhang Bo, Dean of the Branch of Anjuke Real Estate Research Institute, analyzed the First Financial Report, and found that Guangdong’s real estate development is also an important embodiment of Greater Bay Area’s development. Guangzhou and Shenzhen, two first-tier cities in Guangdong, are increasingly attractive to the population. Under the good development trend of Greater Bay Area, the investment in real estate development has also increased rapidly. At the same time, the cities in Guangdong are also strongly linked, such as the integration of Guangzhou and Buddhism and the coordinated development of Shenzhen, Guangzhou and Huizhou, which have formed obvious synergistic effects.

　　Photo: Guanggang New Town, Liwan District, Guangzhou (Lin Xiaozhao/photo)

　　Zhang Bo said that on the whole, Guangdong’s future economic development and population inflow will form a good support for real estate development and drive real estate development investment to remain at a certain high level for a long time.

　　Similar to Guangdong, Zhejiang, the fourth largest economic province, ranks eighth in the country in terms of total resident population, which is more than 36 million less than Shandong, the third largest economic province. However, on the one hand, due to Zhejiang’s developed economy, its per capita income ranks third in the country, second only to Shanghai and Beijing, with stronger purchasing power and higher overall housing prices. On the other hand, the population of Zhejiang has increased by 10.14 million in the past decade, which is 77% higher than that of Shandong in the same period.

　　Zhang Bo analysis, the more the demand for housing in a region, the greater the total real estate open investment. Zhejiang has a large number of migrants, such as Hangzhou, with a large net inflow of population. In this way, developers are also willing to invest in these places.

　　The data shows that the number of floating population in Zhejiang has reached 25.5575 million, ranking second in the country after Guangdong. Among them, the inflow population outside the province is 16.1865 million, and the floating population in the province is 9.371 million. In the past ten years, the floating population in the province has increased by 69.3881 million, with an increase rate of 37.27%. According to the analysis of Zhejiang Provincial Bureau of Statistics, this shows that the accelerated transfer of rural labor force and rapid economic development have promoted a large number of floating population, especially Zhejiang, as a developed coastal province, has attracted a large number of people from other provinces to work, start businesses and live in Zhejiang.

　　After the four major economic provinces in the east coast, Henan, the province with the largest registered population and the largest economic province in the central and western regions, ranks fifth in real estate development investment, and Sichuan, the most populous province in the west, ranks sixth. Anhui, a populous province in central China, ranks seventh. Fujian, Hubei and Hunan rank 8 to 10 respectively.

　　It is worth noting that among the top ten provinces with total investment in real estate development, the permanent population of Guangdong and Shandong is over 100 million, that of Henan is close to 100 million, that of Jiangsu and Sichuan is over 80 million, that of Zhejiang, Anhui and Hunan is over 60 million, and that of Hubei is 57.75 million. That is to say, among the top ten provinces, 9 provinces are populous. Only Fujian has a population of less than 50 million. According to Qipu data, the population of Fujian will be 41.54 million in 2020, ranking 15th in China.

　　The high investment in real estate development in Fujian is related to the large population inflow and rapid growth in Fujian. The data shows that the population of Fujian has increased by 4.646 million in the past ten years, ranking sixth in the country. On the other hand, the overall housing price level in Fujian is also relatively high. For example, Xiamen’s housing price ranks fourth in the national cities, surpassing Guangzhou and Hangzhou. Fuzhou’s housing price level also ranks 11th among cities in China. The high level of housing prices has also boosted investment.

　　Table: Population changes in 31 provinces in the past ten years (data source: National Bureau of Statistics)

　　Growth rate in recent ten years: many provinces in the west have experienced rapid growth.

　　In terms of the growth rate of real estate development investment in various provinces since 2011, Tibet, Guizhou, Gansu, Guangdong, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Henan, Qinghai, Zhejiang and Jiangxi rank in the top ten. Among them, except for Guangdong and Zhejiang, two coastal provinces, where the demand increased and the real estate investment increased rapidly due to the inflow of a large number of migrants, the other eight provinces all came from the central and western regions, including two in the middle and six in the west.

　　Table: Growth rate of investment in real estate development since 2011 (Source: First Financial Reporter compiled according to the data of the National Bureau of Statistics)

　　On the one hand, the rapid growth of western provinces is related to the late start of real estate development in these places and the small base. For example, Tibet invested 513 million yuan in real estate development in 2011. In the case of a small base, the speed of urbanization is relatively fast, which brings rapid growth of real estate investment.

　　Among them, the biggest increase in urbanization is from Guizhou in the southwest. Compared with the results of the Sixth General Plan in 2010, the urban population in Guizhou Province increased by 8,748,200 in the past decade, and the urbanization rate increased by 19.34 percentage points, ranking first in the country, and the increase rate was 9.49 percentage points higher than that in the previous decade (2000-2010). In the past decade, the urbanization rate of Guizhou has increased by 5.13 percentage points higher than that of the whole country, and the gap between the urbanization level of Guizhou and the whole country has further narrowed.

　　According to the analysis of Guizhou Provincial Bureau of Statistics, the rapid increase of urbanization rate in Guizhou Province mainly benefits from three aspects: First, the overall victory in tackling poverty, especially the remarkable effect of ex situ poverty alleviation and relocation, has laid a solid foundation for accelerating the urbanization process in Guizhou Province. Second, the rapid economic development, the continuous expansion of urban areas and the continuous enhancement of urban population carrying capacity have provided a steady stream of endogenous power for accelerating the urbanization process; Third, the reform of the household registration system has been deepened, especially the implementation of the policy of migrant workers settling in cities, which has effectively promoted the population to gather in cities.

　　The urbanization rate in Gansu, Henan and other provinces has also increased significantly. Especially in Henan, the province with the largest registered population in the central region, the urban population has increased greatly. According to the seventh census data, in 2020, the population living in cities and towns in Henan was 55.079 million, accounting for 55.43% of the province’s permanent population (that is, the urbanization rate); Compared with the sixth national census in 2010, the urban population in the province increased by 18.859 million, and the proportion of urban population increased by 16.91 percentage points. Rapid urbanization has also brought great opportunities for the development of the real estate market.

　　In contrast, there are three provinces with negative growth in real estate development investment, namely Liaoning, Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang. In addition, Jilin’s real estate development investment growth rate ranks fourth from the bottom.

　　The decline in investment in real estate development in Northeast China is related to the economic downturn since 2013, the reduction of employment opportunities and the flow of young people to the southeast coast. In 2020, the total population of the three northeastern provinces will decrease by 11.01 million compared with ten years ago. Because the outflow is mainly young people or elderly people with strong purchasing power, the demand of the property market has also been greatly affected.

　　Zhang Bo analyzed that with the continuous development of key urban agglomerations in recent years, a large number of people began to gather in the five major urban agglomerations, which also led to some cities in the north being in a state of population outflow. The lack of growth in demand for housing led to a continuous decline in the willingness of housing enterprises to take land.

　　On the other hand, it is also related to the stage of development. Yi Baozhong, a professor at the Northeast Asia Research Institute of Jilin University, analyzed that the industrialization and urbanization in Northeast China were early. In the planned economy period before the reform and opening up, the degree of urban development in Northeast China was better than that in the southeast coast. At that time, there were many heavy industries and industrial workers in these big cities, so the cities were larger.

　　Judging from the speed of development, in recent years, even the four sub-provincial cities in Northeast China, their urban population scale expansion is not very fast, and the new demand is less. In addition, in the past planned economy era, enterprises ran the society, and many state-owned enterprises built houses for workers, so there were many non-commercial houses in these cities, so the housing stock would be more than that in other regions.

The process and matters needing attention of Baoyan Summer Camp!

Paper king-focusing on scientific research and education

PK small class series is based on rich life experiences by PK tutors and some outstanding students for students at different stages.Answer questions, a collection of short articles compiled by PK, including study abroad, postgraduate entrance examination, insurance research, thesis writing, employment and other aspects.expert opinion/advice.

The question of this issue is "The process and matters needing attention of Baoyan Summer Camp!"

In the whole process of the insurance research, the summer camp can be the last sprint, so everyone needs to have a detailed understanding of the basic process of the insurance research summer camp.

1. What is the summer camp for insurance research?

Baoyan summer camp (including summer school) is a kind of colleges and universities in recent years (mainly 985 and 211 colleges and research institutes)A way to snatch high-quality students.. Generally, we spend about a week in the summer vacation, and have long-term contact with students in the form of academic exchanges, lectures, interviews, etc., to comprehensively determine whether students meet the requirements of our school and whether they are suitable for the training mode of our college.

In summer camp, most of us will contact the intentional school and the intentional tutor one after another to seize the opportunity. If we wait until the formal exemption, the result will be full of unknowns, then in fact, the summer camp is particularly important for the students of the insurance research institute.

Second, the application process

1. Access to information

Every year from March to July., enrollment institutions will gradually pass theirOfficial website (and its postgraduate enrollment information website)Release relevant information, or go to some cities where colleges and universities are located to hold presentations, or put up posters in some colleges and universities, and issue recruitment notices for summer camp campers of graduate enrollment units.

Generally speaking, the enrollment units that set up summer camps in the previous year will often continue to set up summer camps in the next year.. Therefore, you can take the notice of the previous year as a reference.

2. Application materials

For summer camps, most enrollment units have similar requirements for application materials. The following are common application materials.The specific content and format requirements will be adjusted according to the characteristics of each unit and the applied discipline:

① Application form for summer camp (including personal statement and resume);

The first two and a half years (five years for the first three and a half years) undergraduate transcripts;

(3) the ranking certificate issued by the undergraduate department or the educational administration department;

(4) Letter of recommendation from an associate professor or above (or a classroom teacher);

(5) English proficiency certification materials (CET-4, CET-6, TOEFL, GRE or ielts test report form, etc.);

⑥ Other supporting materials (copy of the first page of academic paper, copy of award-winning certificate, etc.).

⑦ Some schools require that papers be written according to the specified topics and submitted at the time of application.

Note: In recent years, many colleges and universities have opened the online application system for summer camps.You need to submit the application materials in the specified way after the online application.. Therefore, we should always pay attention to the follow-up notice after sending or sending materials.

3. Preparation after admission

Generally speaking, within half a month to one month after the application deadline for summer camp, the organizing committee of summer camp will review and screen all the applicants’ materials, and determine and notify the list of participants.

Most enrollment units will publish the enrollment list on the enrollment unit official website, or send an email notice to the students who enter the camp.(Therefore, you should always pay attention to your e-mail address during the announcement time of the enrollment list), and the students entering the camp should confirm whether to participate in the camp and other preparations with the institution in a specified way.

Third, the camp participation process

The common forms of activities in the summer camp are:

Comprehensive written test and interview:The content is similar to that of ordinary insurance research.

Thesis defense:Summer camps in some colleges and universities have a long time, so students may be divided into groups on the day they enter the camp, and each group is required to complete a professional research, and then report and defend, so as to test students’ teamwork and scientific research ability;

Some summer camps will give some professional topics before entering the camp, requiring students to submit an academic paper written by themselves when applying for entering the camp, and defend the paper during the summer camp, so as to assess students’ ability to carry out scientific research activities independently.

Academic exchange meeting:At present, there are two ways of academic exchange: tutor lecture and discussion with graduate students of the school.

In the tutor’s lecture, the tutor will introduce the development of the enrollment unit and the research direction and frontier trends of their respective research groups;

In the discussion with the graduate students of the school, it is generally the students who participate in the camp who learn from the graduate students about the academic strength of the organizer, the treatment of the graduate students and the level of literacy of the admissions tutor.

Communicate with the tutor:Many tutors will make a simple investigation of students’ basic professional quality, scientific research strength and personal accomplishment in the individual communication session to enhance their understanding, and will also explain their own opinions on research fields, scientific research ideas, the status quo of research groups and their opinions on guiding students’ personal development.

Visits and parties:Summer camp organizers usually organize campers to visit the enrollment colleges and the surrounding environment, so that campers can have a preliminary and comprehensive understanding of the future study and living environment. Some summer camps will hold cultural evenings at the closing ceremony to promote exchanges between campers.

Fourth, matters needing attention

1. The summer camp usually lasts about a week.Therefore, we should do our homework in advance and actively communicate with the intended tutor., to determine their own goals, otherwise the harvest will be very small.

2. Some summer camps will be evaluated through assessment."excellent campers". Generally speaking, excellent campers are equivalent to passing all the examination links of exemption, but some outstanding campers judged by summer camps still need to go to the enrollment unit to participate in the formal examination of exemption in September or October, which will provide priority admission opportunities compared with students who have not won the title.

＂I am not Dionysus＂ issued a poster. Song Xiaofeng Lin Zicong strives to be Dionysus.


1905 movie network news The comedy film will be broadcast on the whole network on January 29th. The film is directed by Song Xiaofeng, starring Xin Yue, and co-starring Li Tianyu and Wu Liansheng, creating a happy comedy in which the North and South Dionysians "pretend to be bosses" through stereotypes.

　

Song XiaofengforestCongcong strives to be Dionysus. Surprise keeps laughing.

"I’m not a Dionysian" tells that Song Hailiang (Song Xiaofeng), an employee of Northeast Winery, owes debts to his workmates because he was deceived by the factory director, while Xiong Chumo (Lin Zicong), a wine salesman in the south, also lost his job because of negligence. Two people who suffered the same career blow met by accident on a phone call and talked about the big business of Winery by pretending to be the boss. They gradually returned to their true selves in the process of mutual deception and realized that living on the ground is the true meaning of life.

Song Hailiang, a great alcoholic in Northeast China, and Xiong Chumo, a "tumbler in South China", get to know each other and pretend to be bosses, which is the biggest attraction of this film. The two Dionysus fooled and cheated each other on the wine table, and the collision between them showed the spark of the difference between the north and the south, and many plots were close to the wine bureau routine that the audience discussed hotly in reality. But what the film wants to convey is not just "wine", and the whole film is a bad habit of not deliberately guiding the spelling of wine. In the movie, two little people in the south and the north cheat each other by pretending to be the boss in order to make money, but their inner goodwill is not buried by pretending to be the boss. The movie shows a life truth in such a funny and interesting way: "There is no shortcut to life through drinking and socializing, and success can only be achieved with a clear head and a down-to-earth mind."

In addition to the hilarious scene of Dionysus fighting for wine and bragging, the film also shows the warm heart of family. When Song Hailiang owed huge debts, although his wife beat and scolded and complained, she was also very distressed by this wussy husband. Although the old father-in-law is ostensibly helping others, he is privately defending Song Hailiang. This sense of contrast is both touching and interesting. The brotherhood between Xiong Chumo and his sister is also very touching. The film combines funny plots with warm-hearted plots, showing a comedy blockbuster with laughter and tears.

　

Northeastern drunkards play against South China tumblers, showing the North-South interesting wine table culture.

Different from the previous wine element movies, I am not Dionysus abandoned the routine of the same kind of movies, and chose to start with the collision of wine cultures between the north and the south, using the actors Song Xiaofeng and Lin Zicong who are very representative of the north and the south to interpret it, returning to the saying that "drinking is not wine, but the way of the world" in the traditional China wine bureau, and rising from the drinking competition between Dionysus to the confrontation of drinking realms such as wearing, persuading, blocking and drinking orders in the wine bureau.

The film is very suitable for the image of Dionysus in the casting. Song Xiaofeng, who grew up in Jilin, plays Song Hailiang, the "great alcoholic in Northeast China", who continues the honest and generous style of the Northeast people and integrates his native Northeast temperament into the role; Lin Zicong, who grew up in Hong Kong, China, vividly portrayed an oily and shrewd southern businessman.

In the contest between the northern and southern Dionysus, it fully shows the different manifestations of the "worldly wisdom" of the northern and southern people in the wine bureau. From the previously exposed materials, I saw Song Hailiang, the "Northeast Drunkard", wearing a Zhongshan assembly coat, black-rimmed glasses, a tea urn in hand, and a pair of old cadres; Xiong Chumo, the "South China Tumbler", wore a fur coat and a pair of nouveau riche clothes. The contest between the two showed the difference between the north and the south. On the wine table, the North and South Dionysus played their own regional tricks, playing tricks on each other and sparking, expecting more wonderful battles between the two Dionysus in the movie.


The processing results are coming! More insider exposure of the arrogant tour guide incident in Guilin, Guangxi

　　　　　　 CCTV News:"Life is not just about the present, but also about poems and distant fields." Travel has become an excellent choice for many people after work in the Dragon Boat Festival holiday just past. Everyone hopes to gain a good mood through travel. However, some netizens suffered an unpleasant trip a few days ago, because a mad tour guide in Guilin, Guangxi, said to them with a bad attitude: "Now we get off the bus and stay in it for 20,000 yuan an hour. Go! Get off! "

　　　　　　 This incident caused widespread concern after exposure. Yesterday evening (June 11th), Guilin Municipal Bureau of Culture, Radio, Film and Tourism also responded to this incident on its official Weibo and official website, saying that after preliminary investigation and verification, the words and deeds of Zhao Moumou, the tour guide reflected by netizens, were basically true. According to the evidence currently available, the tour group was a "four-night and five-day bus tour group" from Hunan to Guilin, with a total of 55 people in the group. The tour time was from May 30th to June 2nd.

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　　　　　　 Just this afternoon, the incident made the latest progress. The Guilin Municipal Bureau of Culture, Radio, Film and Tourism announced the results of the investigation and handling. After investigation and verification, it was found that the tour group was organized by a beauty brand in Hunan on suspicion of violating the rules. The tour guide involved was in Guilin, and the tour guide used rude language to treat tourists, which had a very bad influence. Zhao Moumou, the tour guide involved, was instructed to apologize to the tourists and revoke his tour guide card, and at the same time, it was included in the bad information of tourism management and service.

　　　　　　 As a matter of fact, every holiday, tourism chaos such as tour guides’ compulsory consumption happens from time to time. For this reason, in the first quarter of last year, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism launched the "Sword Action" to rectify the national tourism market order, aiming at the vicious incidents such as tour guides’ compulsory or disguised forced consumption of tourists and "black guides" beating tourists. During this period, 11,253 tourism enterprises, 2,942 tourism teams and 8,596 tour guides were inspected.

　　　　　　 In addition, the relevant state departments also established a "blacklist" system in 2015. In the first batch of "blacklists" in that year, seven tour guides were listed for arranging services for people who did not obtain a tour guide card, coercing tourists to shop, changing their travel itinerary without authorization, and insulting tourists. Among these seven people, the light ones were fined ranging from 10,000 yuan to 50,000 yuan, and the severe ones were revoked.

　　　　　　 We also remind you that you must report to the relevant departments in time if you encounter cheating, forced shopping and other behaviors during your trip.

Drunk! ＂Fragments of the Dangerous Road to Treasure＂ Ge You Yun-peng Yue Market Racing.

1905 movie network news A comedy blockbuster starring Ge You, Yun-peng Yue and Du Chun, and co-starring Charlene Choi, Bao Beier, Xiao Shenyang, Michael Chen, Pan Binlong, Rayza, Sun Yue and Lu Xing will be released on December 29th. Recently, the film released a set of themed stills entitled "Good Brothers", revealing the character characteristics and personalities played by the three leading actors Ge You, Yun-peng Yue and Du Chun in the film, showing the deep friendship between the three brothers who won the "treasure" and suggesting that they are about to embark on a "surprise" adventure after getting drunk.


Yun-peng Yue tried his best to make a water play. Du Chun became the first producer to subvert the image.

The film "Lost Treasure in a Dangerous Way" tells the story that Uncle Ya (Ge You), a fisherman, A Le (Yun-peng Yue), and Daimeng (Du Chun) of the Aquarium mistakenly sell the star dolphin "Baby" of the Aquarium to foreign countries after a drunkenness. In order to find the baby dolphin, the three of them have to embark on a wonderful adventure.

For many years, Ge You has been playing all kinds of little people’s images on the big screen. This time, he returned to the stage of the New Year film after two years, and played an uncle selling fish in the film, with one move and one style. It is his approachable and life-oriented performances that have given these little characters vivid and vivid "excellent" comedy characteristics for many years, and they are well-deserved "the first person to celebrate the New Year". As the eldest brother of the "Fragment Trio", Uncle Ge is both the backbone and an unexpected reversal. Especially in a stills exposed this time, Ge You is riding a tricycle carrying fish and looks like he is running away. Yun-peng Yue and Du Chun try to stop him in a hurry, and the relationship is very subtle.

As a popular comedy hero on the big screen in recent years, Yun-peng Yue admits that he is absolutely glad you came in this film. Whether in or out of the play, Ge You benefited him a lot: "Uncle Ge’s seriousness about the role and his control over the characters let me know what a real old play bone is." This time, Yun-peng Yue plays a dolphin trainer, who has a lot of intimate scenes with dolphins in the water, but he is not very good at water. In order to present the best effect, we have to do our best to cooperate with our colleagues in Diaoweiya, and we have suffered a lot by repeatedly going out into the water.

Du Chun, who has just performed well in I am an Actor, has another identity besides being one of the three leading roles, that is, one of the producers and project sponsors of this film. Starting from the point of "fragment" after drinking, he came up with this story that is very suitable for the life of young people and particularly embarrassing. At first, he was very worried about whether Grandpa Ge could accept it. To his surprise, after receiving the script, Ge You quickly liked and accepted the project. In order to subvert the image of "tough guy" in the past, Du Chun started from the image, covered his tough facial edges with a curly hair, and endowed the character with the image characteristics of being a cute doormat.


The broken trio "grabbed the baby" brothers deeply turned over the film, and the fans said that they had new expectations at the end of the year.

Once released last week, the preview and poster of "Drunk Big Edition" aroused great expectations of the audience on all major platforms. "I didn’t expect to see the collocation of Uncle Ge and Little PINKRAY  in my lifetime." Some viewers also said that "I like this theme, and I feel that I have never seen Uncle Ge play such a role before. Coupled with PINKRAY ‘s signature expression and Du Chun’s high face value, this combination is amazing." At the same time, I also have a clear understanding of the comedy positioning of the film. "Comedy is a big coffee. … Comedy makes you laugh is a good film! " People are full of expectations for its performance in the 2019 Lunar New Year!

No matter in or out of the play, Ge You, Yun-peng Yue and Du Chun, the "broken trio", all showed super concentration and serious performance attitude, which is an excellent interpretation of brothers’ affection. It is reported that the three of them will encounter all kinds of strange things along the way, face many crises, and even face the human challenge of "brothers or banknotes". Exactly where the three will go, we have to find the answer from the movie.


The movie "Lost Treasure by Dangerous Road" will be turned over on December 29th, and will land in major theaters all over the country.


Vehicle ｜ Introduction of Manual, Automatic, CVT and Gearbox Types

Before introducing different gearboxes, let’s briefly explain "Why do you need gearboxes? For the internal combustion engine, because the internal combustion engine can only have the best power output and fuel efficiency within a specific speed range, it is necessary to keep the engine speed within a reasonable range through gears with different gear ratios to keep the vehicle at different speeds.

Manual Transmission (manual transmission)

At present, manual gearbox is the simplest and most durable gearbox used in internal combustion engine vehicles, and it also has the best transmission efficiency among all types of gearboxes (transmission efficiency here refers to the efficiency of power transmission process of gearbox itself). The full name of manual gear box is "manual gear box", as the name implies, the driver needs to manually switch gears, and at the same time, the left foot must be used to control the clutch to complete the gear shifting action. Because of this, the shift process of manual gearbox in power output is "power output → power interruption (clutch depressed) → gear shifting → power output (clutch engaged)".

The transmission efficiency of manual gearbox falls between 96% and 98% on average according to different gear designs and gear ratios. Because of its simple structure, the manual gearbox is usually lighter and more durable. More importantly, the manual gearbox needs more concentration in driving, and it can control the gear change at will, and there are many special operating skills, which make the manual gearbox not only have the above advantages, but also have a kind of communication and connection between people and cars, which is regarded as an important part of driving pleasure.

However, it is difficult to operate the manual gearbox with both hands and feet, and the manual gear shifting process will also lead to uneven acceleration dynamics because of power interruption. Although these are only small inconveniences, they are also the reasons for the gradual decrease of manual gearboxes.

Automatic Transmission (automatic transmission)

To be subdivided, the automatic gearbox can also be divided into "automatic", "automatic manual" and "automatic manual". In general, an automatic gearbox uses a "torque converter" instead of a traditional clutch to transmit the power of the engine to the transmission gear. Simply put, the difference between an automatic and an automatic manual transmission is that the automatic has only low-speed gears, and it is impossible to select individual gears. Hand-to-hand integration enables you to select individual gears. However, most of the current automatic gearboxes are equipped with the function of manual gear selection, so it is rarely specified that they are automatic or manual-automatic, but they are collectively referred to as automatic gearboxes. Due to the slip in the operation mode of the torque converter, the transmission efficiency of the early automatic gearbox was only about 86%, but with the continuous improvement of the torque converter and the gears of the automatic gearbox, the transmission efficiency of the current automatic gearbox has reached 86~94%.

What about the "automatic manual gearbox"? Although it is classified as an automatic gearbox, the full name of "automatic manual gearbox" is actually the same as a manual gearbox in structure, except that the clutch is controlled by the gearbox computer, so driving can switch between automatic shift mode and manual shift mode. Among them, the self-manual gearbox can be divided into "single clutch" and "double clutch". The structure of single clutch self-manual is almost the same as that of general manual, but the clutch operation is handled by computer. Dual-clutch manual operation has two sets of clutches to handle odd gears and even gears respectively, so as to increase the shift speed. With the gradual maturity of technology, now almost all the markets are manual with double clutches, and manual with single clutch is quite rare.

The transmission efficiency of self-manual gearbox is basically the same as that of manual gearbox, and the shift speed is extremely fast, so that self-manual gearbox often appears in performance cars and super sports cars. The common advantages of automatic and automatic gearboxes are that they are convenient to operate, and the gearboxes are controlled by computers, which can adjust the operation characteristics of gearboxes according to different modes (Sport, Eco, etc.). Although the shift frustration of the early automatic gearboxes is quite obvious, now the new automatic gearboxes can shift gears to an almost imperceptible degree. As for the common disadvantages of automatic gearbox and manual gearbox, they are complicated structure, large volume, heavy weight and high cost of manufacturing or maintenance.

Continuously variable transmission (CVT)

The English full name of continuously variable transmission is "continuously variable transmission", which literally translates as a gearbox with continuous speed change. When CVT, a transmission mechanism, was introduced into the automobile industry in the early days, it was considered as a quite avant-garde and advanced gearbox. Structurally, CVT uses two sets of universal disks and a steel belt to change the gear ratio, thus achieving the effect of speed change, so there is no so-called "gear" in CVT gearbox. CVT gearbox has the advantages of simple structure, linear and smooth shifting process, and because there is no need to shift gears, it can keep the engine in the most efficient speed range without interruption of power, thus achieving good fuel consumption performance.

Although the excellent fuel consumption is achieved because of the operation mode, the transmission efficiency of CVT gearbox only falls between 75% and 88% according to different designs, and CVT gearbox can’t bear large power output generally, so the models equipped with CVT gearbox often make people feel weak in acceleration. In addition to low transmission efficiency, the excellent fuel consumption of CVT gearbox is usually limited to the middle and low speed environment in urban areas. This is because the gear ratio of Puli disk is limited, which makes it difficult for CVT gearbox to have a very comb gear ratio, resulting in high-speed fuel consumption compared with automatic or manual gearbox. In addition, although the smooth shifting of CVT is regarded as an advantage, for many people, the lack of shifting feeling has also become a defect of CVT gearboxes, so now many CVT gearboxes will have more gear simulation functions, so that gearboxes can create a feeling similar to shifting.

However, with the continuous development of automatic gearbox, the performance of fuel consumption, transmission efficiency and shift smoothness has been equal to or even surpassed that of CVT gearbox, so CVT is already an advantageous technology in the eyes of most car manufacturers. At present, only Japanese automakers including Toyota, Subaru, Honda and Nissan continue to produce CVT gearboxes, and a large part of the reason is that the local car environment in Japan is really suitable for this type of gearbox.

On the whole, with the continuous improvement of automatic gearbox, there have been 8-speed, 9-speed and 10-speed gearboxes, and the efficiency, quality and shifting speed have surpassed CVT and manual gearbox, especially the dual-clutch gearbox, which is basically impeccable in performance except for high cost. Among all kinds of gearboxes mentioned above, CVT still has room for survival in the market because of its advantages in medium and low fuel consumption, but it is precisely because of the comprehensive advantages of automatic gearboxes that the reason for the existence of manual gearboxes is almost only "driving pleasure", so we can expect that there will be fewer and fewer cars equipped with manual gearboxes in the future, and the rise of electric vehicles will have a better chance to make manual gearboxes disappear in the market in the future. Therefore, in addition to letting fans know about the differences in characteristics between gearboxes, I also hope that fans can cherish this rare animal, manual gearboxes, because today, when this automatic gearbox becomes the mainstream, manual gearboxes may soon disappear.

Talking about soldiers in the sand table-tactical analysis of 360 ＂three major battles＂

Recently, Qi Xiangdong, the president of Qihoo 360, put forward the idea of "three major battles" by taking advantage of the first anniversary of the 3B War, saying that 360 will start from three aspects: user experience, channel sales and entrance system, and will grow at an annual rate of 10% in the future to fight three major battles in the search field.
The ideal is full, and the reality is very skinny. Liuguang uses the strategy and tactics of the three major battles a few decades ago to see if Qi is always exaggerating and how to fight the three major battles of 360.
Question 1: the experience is hard to mention, and the profit is a headache.

Tactics: mobile warfare, split attack, divide and conquer.

In fact, the hardest thing to do as a search engine is to experience it. It seems that you just enter a few lines of numbers into that small box and then pop up a few pages of answers, but look at the row of fine print on Baidu, news, web pages, post bars, knowledge, music, videos, maps …
For 360, it is obviously not an easy task to catch up with it in a short period of time in terms of content experience, and although the search technology surpassed Soso as soon as it came up, it was a little worse than Baidu and even sogou. At present, the better user experience of 360 is mainly due to the clean pages and few advertisements, especially the medical and health care advertisements, and the commercialization process has not been fully developed.
A big strategic problem faced by 360 is that the experience depends on less advertising, but it depends on advertising if you want to make a profit. Now, the share is small, the awareness is low, and large advertisements can’t be pulled, but small advertisements are often of poor quality. This may be the reason why 360 is eager to acquire sogou, with larger market share, better bargaining position and attractiveness.
Of course, it is not impossible for 360 to introduce competitors who can compete with Baidu in certain fields through opening up. For example, Zhihu in the question-and-answer field, Cool Dog and Cool Me in music, even watercress, petals in the picture field and so on. Through high-quality content in a certain field, users’ brand awareness of 360 search is gradually formed. Instead of opening the browser like this, you use you in the most conspicuous place. As for what you use, it is a comprehensive search anyway.
However, 360 wants to cooperate and open up, but it may not be able to find a willing partner. If one day Zhihu and 360 really come together, friends will be shocked. However, isn’t the Internet world a place to witness miracles?
Question 2: The three-stage rocket is no longer in fire, and the chess is slow and slow.

Tactics: the soldiers are expensive and fast, and the enemy is killed as soon as they are killed.

360 search was able to grab a 10% share when it was first launched, which shocked the whole market. However, this move does not seem to be used by 360, so when Qi Xiangdong talked about the mobile strategy, he still said that he would improve the entrance system of "security guards+mobile assistants+lightning search".
Perhaps both sogou and 360 have benefited from the original three-stage rocket model, but in the field of mobile Internet, it seems that the three-stage rocket really can’t fly much higher. 360 can use security guards to promote mobile assistants, and can use mobile assistants to promote secure desktops and address books, but it cannot directly import traffic for lightning search.
On the one hand, there is a certain similarity in itself, and on the other hand, there is a lack of direct connection between them. When 360 realized this and began to promote 360 mobile browsers, it was a little late.
The mobile strategy must be "fast, accurate, and ruthless". If you aim at the target, you will start, take it by surprise and attack it unprepared. The sweep of WeChat 5.0 surprised everyone who wanted to make a big impact on O2O with a cold sweat. Baidu’s unexpected acquisition of 91 used such strategies and tactics.
360′ s products on the mobile side are not small, but most of them belong to the tool category, lacking killer applications like WeChat. To a large extent, 360 is strategically adhering to the PC-side thinking-paving the road first, then building a car. The problem is that, limited by the characteristics of the mobile terminal itself, the boost that each level of rocket can provide to the next level is limited, and it is too difficult to promote a product that has undergone so-called micro-innovation through the power of channels. On the surface of the mobile terminal, it is a channel. In fact, what is more important is product innovation.
Abandoning channel thinking and developing real killer applications, killing the enemy may be something 360 should consider. But time waits for no one. As the giants have either completed the layout or come up with their own ticket-level products, there are not many opportunities left for 360. Can you grasp it or not? It may be known within one year.
Question 3: channel disadvantages are urgently compensated, and everyone will suffer together.

Tactics: the people’s war depends on the people, and let go of the channel dealers.

In fact, among the three major battles, perhaps channel sales is what 360 needs to do best at present. According to the data of Analysys International, the market share of 360 is only in single digits simply in terms of sales volume. Faced with such a billion-dollar market, even sogou’s revenue in a single quarter can reach 50 million, but 360, which holds 15% of the market, has not benefited much from the search business, which is estimated to be unacceptable to anyone.
Just from Qi Xiangdong’s speech, it seems that the direction of 360 development channel sales is not so right.
Different from sogou and Baidu’s multi-level agency model, Qi Xiangdong said that 360 only has a general agent, which is responsible for all sales in the region. Obviously, the coverage of this model is limited, although we can concentrate on winning high-quality advertisers to make up for the shortage of quantity. However, in the case of insufficient market share and low brand awareness of users, it is obviously not advisable to take the high-end route.
In order to shake the foundation of Baidu, 360 should start with small advertisers. The promotion expenses they can pay are not high, and the price is lower than Baidu’s 360, which can better meet their needs in this respect. Surrounding cities in rural areas and focusing on developing second-and third-tier cities have always been what 360, which boasts itself as a diaosi, is good at. It is obviously unwise to attack others with its own shortcomings.
Letting go of the channel dealers and putting more efforts into the screening of advertising quality may help 360 break the battlefield situation in a short time in a direction that is beneficial to itself.
General Qi’s statement on profit expectation is estimated to scare off a group of channel agents. "Not making money for three years in 360 is the’ snowy mountain grassland’ of the 360 agency system. The troops that can survive these three years can fight first and then be loyal to the 360 ecosystem."
You really need to be able to bear hardships in war. Red rice, pumpkin soup and a pair of sandals are a long journey. It may be difficult for channel agents to make money for three years and rely solely on painting cakes. No one will deny the development of 360, but to what extent, agents have no bottom in their hearts, and naturally they will not really be willing to play with 360 for these three years. Three years without profit is really how much you don’t take agents as outsiders.
All in all, sometimes, the Internet-style thinking may not necessarily be applicable to offline channel sales. Since Qi Xiangdong simplified the future planning into "three major battles", he might as well really study how the "three major battles" 60 or 70 years ago were won by fewer, and perhaps he can get a lot of inspiration from it.
But more often, the predicament is not caused by "unfavorable soldiers and poor war", but by one’s own inherent thinking. Perhaps this kind of thinking is what the enterprise once relied on successfully, but today it will become the fetters of its development. Only when a strong man breaks his wrist and jumps out of prison can he stand on the top of the wave as long as possible.

Twenty years after the Hang Seng Index, the battle between the emperor, the nobles and the beggars’ gangs.

This article is a reprinted article. The opinions mentioned only represent personal opinions, and the subject matter involved is not recommended. Therefore, you should buy and sell it at your own risk.

Author: Jiro Fund

Source: Snowball

Recently, I sorted out the changes of important heavyweights in the Hang Seng Index since 2000, which is quite interesting. Maybe I can find some investment opportunities from it. In the past 22 years, BLACKPINK, a heavyweight of all kinds, appeared, and the imperial grandson was a beggar, each with his own role. Because I can’t find out the changes of the heavyweights in the Hang Seng Index, I specially read the annual reports of TraHK since 2000 and sorted out the data based on the shareholding ratio disclosed in its annual report. TraHK is a fund that follows the Hang Seng Index, so this deviation will be relatively small and the degree of certainty will be relatively high.

We divide the main heavyweights into three categories: the emperor’s grandson, the aristocrat and the beggar’s gang. Grandsons mainly refer to companies that have been rooted in Hong Kong for a long time and are of great significance to the local economy and historical development of Hong Kong. The samples are Cheung Kong Industrial 00001, Sun Hung Kai Properties 00016, CLP Holdings 00002, Hong Kong Stock Exchange 00388, HSBC Holdings 0005 and Hang Seng Bank 00011.

Noble shares mainly refer to the central enterprises that have made great contributions to China’s national economy, with stable profits and dividends. The samples are Industrial and Commercial Bank of China 01398, China Construction Bank 00939, Bank of China 03988, Bank of China Hong Kong 02388, Bank of Communications 03328, China Merchants Bank 03968, China Shenhua 01088, China Petroleum 00857, China Petrochemical 00386 and China Offshore Oil 006. At the same time, it also includes some private or foreign companies, such as China Ping An 02318 and AIA 01299. Beggars’ gangs mainly refer to some so-called new economic companies. These companies basically have no stable profits or dividends, and their returns to investors are unstable. They mainly make a living by burning money and cutting leeks. The samples are Tencent Holdings 00700, Alibaba 09988, Meituan Takeaway 03690 and Xiaomi Group 01810.

Since 2000, we have found that the changes in the category of heavyweights can be divided into four stages.

The first stage is the emperor and grandson (2000-2006). This stage is basically the world of the emperor and grandson, and the nobility has emerged temporarily. HSBC Holdings has maintained a weight of around 20-30% for a long time, with a group of younger brothers, such as Hang Seng Bank, dominating the pricing power of Hang Seng Index for a long time. At this time, the aristocrat made an only child, China, whose weight was not small, and it was always between 10% and 20%, with fluctuations. In this period, the Hang Seng Index can be said to be controlled by HSBC Holdings, with China Mobile as an accomplice, forming a combination of two swords. The two heavyweights joined hands to lead the Hang Seng Index out of the gloom after the financial crisis in 1997 and the bursting of the dotcom bubble in 2000, and regain its upward trend.

The second stage is the rise of nobility (2007-2012). Since central enterprises went public in succession from 2002 to 2008, the number of state-owned enterprises in the Hong Kong market increased, and these state-owned enterprises are core assets of China with high profits and dividends, so the Hang Seng Index was incorporated into a number of companies in 2007. PetroChina, Sinopec, CNOOC, China Construction Bank, ICBC, BOC, Shenhua, Bank of Communications, China Life Insurance and Ping An were included in the Hang Seng Index in 2006 and 2007. To this end, in 2007, the eldest brother of the Huangsun family, HSBC Holdings, was forced to reduce its weight by nearly half to give way to the nobles of central enterprises. Until the end of 2019, the central enterprises on behalf of China Construction Bank have maintained a high weight of around 8%. Meanwhile, China Mobile also began to be forced to lower its weight in 2009, giving way to the brothers of other central enterprises. The central enterprise sector has contributed to the stock price jumping up and down in the post-crisis era in 2008 and 2009.

The third stage is internal and external collusion and the rise of beggars’ gangs (from 2013 to 2019). At this time, Tencent Holdings, the leader of the Beggars’ Gang, was born. In 2013, its weight was suddenly doubled to 7.37%, and in the following years, its weight rose all the way to 10.6% in 2019, defeating Huang Sun and nobles in one fell swoop and becoming the largest heavyweight in the Hang Seng Index. On the other hand, AIA, the American imperialists, also gained weight all the way during this period. In contrast, the aristocratic groups were eclipsed, and central enterprises such as China Mobile were downgraded. The biggest victim was China Mobile. In 2019, under the impact of the delisting of the US imperialists, the stock price plummeted, and the weight also plummeted. With the cooperation of AIA, Tencent, the leader of the beggar gang, took advantage of the opportunity of Hong Kong Stock Connect to push the Hang Seng Index to rise steadily during this period (although it experienced a stock market crash in the middle).

The fourth stage is to worship foreign things and flatter foreigners, and to help beggars all over the world (2020-present). In 2020, Tencent Holdings, the leader of beggars’ gangs, led a group of beggars’ gangs to fully occupy the heavyweights of the Hang Seng Index. Except Tencent’s 9.51% weight, Ali, Meituan and Xiaomi exceeded 4% weight when they started, and the total weight of the four beggars has exceeded 24%. We should know that two of these four enterprises are unprofitable for a long time, three of them do not pay dividends for a long time, and only one of them occasionally gives a few points every year. AIA Holdings of the US imperialists also gained a 10% weight in 2020. The representative of the aristocratic group, China Mobile’s weight has been reduced to about 2%, which can be ignored; Shenhua was even expelled; The weight of three barrels of oil is even less, and the aristocratic group has suffered an unprecedented blow. In 2021, with the dismissal of Bank of Communications, it reached freezing point. The weight of AIA Holdings and the four beggars is close to 40%, and even the former imperial grandson represents HSBC Holdings with only about 7%. Internal and external collusion, the beggar brothers won an all-round victory. Sadly, the Hang Seng Index, led by beggars’ gangs, has fallen miserably in the past two years.

From the above four stages, we can probably see several problems:

First, the adjustment of the heavyweights of the Hang Seng Index has developed in response to market changes. The tide of listing of central enterprises from 2002 to 2008 created the conditions for central enterprises to be included in the Hang Seng Index. In 2013, the Hong Kong Stock Connect is ready to be opened. Tencent Holdings, as an Internet enterprise with a lack of cancer stock market, will be highly sought after by mainland funds after its opening. It is expected that under the hype, it will be promoted by a large proportion. Since 2019, various non-profit new economic enterprises have been listed on Hong Kong stocks in large quantities, which has created the Hang Seng Index, the top four beggar gangs. Therefore, on the surface, every time the heavyweights change blood, it is the Hong Kong Stock Exchange that conforms to the market.

Second, is the inclusion of heavyweights really good? The answer is no! In 2007, central enterprise groups were included in the Hang Seng Index and dominated the list. The direct result was the financial crisis in 2008, and major central enterprise stocks were almost included in the index at a high level. Also in 2020, when the four beggars dominated the Hang Seng Index, it was precisely the high point of these companies’ share prices. On the contrary, China Mobile, China Shenhua, and Bank of Communications, which were downgraded again in 2020, were dismissed in 2021, but their share prices bottomed out soon and got out of the slow cattle.

Third, frequent takeover of index funds at high positions, conspiracy or conspiracy? I can’t draw a conclusion about this, but there are several details worth considering. 1) From 2002 to 2007, when central enterprises went public, many foreign investors (mainly American imperialists) were important strategic investors during or before IPO. After entering the market at a low price, they inevitably needed an opportunity to escape. Just in 2007, in line with the big bull market environment, they threw a package of central enterprises directly into the Hang Seng Index, and many of them were not low in weight, and then everyone knew. 2) In 2020, China Mobile suffered a blow from the U.S. imperialists. In that year, it directly reduced its weight by half from more than 4%, which was not too high, and thus severely suppressed its share price. 3) In 2020-2021, when the share price of Internet companies rose sharply, the weight of the four beggars was greatly increased. The major shareholder behind the four beggars is precisely foreign capital, and everyone has seen the following things. Index funds have repeatedly taken over high positions. Is it a conspiracy or an open plan?

From the above questions, we may get some investment suggestions or judge some future trends.

1) Companies that are newly included in the index or have a high proportion of weight will be doomed sooner or later unless they have sustainable development and long-term reasonable dividend returns (such as HSBC Holdings).

2) A company that has been expelled or drastically reduced its weight, if its profits are stable and its dividends are long-term and reasonable, may be a time to enter the market for a long time. Such as China Shenhua and China Mobile in 2020.

3) At present, the aristocratic central enterprises have been suppressed for ten years, with little weight left, but these enterprises have stable profits, large net profits and generous dividends, and may be reborn in the next 1-2 years. Both share price and weight may rise sharply; Beggars’ gangs, due to the lack of sustained profits and dividends, have inflated stock prices and great power, and their stock prices and weights will face tremendous downward pressure in the future.

Therefore, happiness depends on misfortune, and misfortune depends on happiness. It is not a good thing to dominate the list, and it is not a bad thing to be fired. Everything in the world goes on and on. Next year, the environment may change.

Every squat is for jumping higher next time! When the market is in a downturn, Xiaoxue will accompany you to charge.

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How AIGC Remodels the Experience and Business Model of Interactive Narrative Games ｜ ＂Game Day＂

"Thursday will be a fixed game day, paying attention to the entertainment innovation brought by game technology and experience iteration. Welcome to contribute and communicate. Please see the end of the article for contact;For more game cases and technology application research, please pay attention to the brand account of Dongxi Entertainment Game Group.“

Technical development has always been an important force leading the iteration of game products. With the more extensive application of AI technology in the game industry, new game tracks are gradually bred.

Recently, Hidden Door, an American startup company, announced its first product-Hidden Door, a social AIGC narrative platform, and announced that it had completed the financing of US$ 2 million, which was led by the European venture capital fund Northzone, followed by funds such as Makers Fund and Brooklyn Bridge Ventures, and Roblox CTO Dan Sturman also participated as an angel investor.

Hidden Door is a narrative game platform based on AIGC-related technologies. Through AI natural language generation technology, it stimulates the potential of players’ story creation and allows many players to take risks in stories aided by AI.

Hilary Mason, CEO of Hidden Door, said, "This project is mainly to create game narratives together, establish social connections among players, and enable anyone to create unique stories. The challenge is how to develop an AI system, which can not only allow AI to create with players, but also ensure the diversity and security of stories. "

Compared with game design, AI technology and algorithm are more critical factors for the success of this kind of AIGC narrative game platform. Hidden Door is not the forerunner of this track. As early as 2019, a similar product AI Dungeon appeared. However, due to the limitations of AI technology, AI Dungeon has already experienced risks such as uncontrollable AIGC content and insufficient security.

Although the technology is not mature enough before, AIGC has brought new mechanisms and experiences to the interactive narration of the game, and helped the game narration, which used to emphasize single-player experience, to be more closely combined with social play, thus giving birth to a new business model, thus attracting companies such as Hidden Door to explore and invest in this direction.

　　　

Hidden Door：

AIGC narrative game platform to create multi-person creation and social space

Founded in 2020, Hidden Door is a graphical multiplayer game platform, which uses AI to help players build a complete game narrative. Players only need to give a general world view framework and story outline, and then AI can complete the filling of NPC, items and other content.

The platform can store the world and stories built by players and AI, and players can play the roles in these stories, have a 2D virtual image, and manipulate the characters to travel and take risks in the world by inputting natural language commands.

The platform will be tested this year, but its game threshold is not high, and the natural language texts given to AI are only simple sentences. The first users are aimed at children between 9 and 12 years old.

Hilary Mason, founder of Hidden Door, believes thatDuring the epidemic, "desktop role-playing games such as Dungeons and Dragons are more popular than ever, and storytelling has become a popular social activity in games such as Roblox and Minecraft."

At the same time, in the process of accompanying children to tell stories during the epidemic, she found that narration was a challenge for ordinary people. Hilary Mason was inspired by this and chose to use AI to help players to build more interesting game narratives.

Hilary Mason believes that the value of introducing AI is mainly reflected in the release of narrative creativity of players. "Players may be inspired by an idea, but they will find that it takes a lot of work to create stories around it."

In order to better understand the Hidden Door product, Hilary Mason compares the game experience of this product with the board game Dungeons and Dragons.The role of AI in the game is similar to that of DM(Dungeon Master) in Dungeon and Dungeon.

Dungeons and Dragons is a classic desktop role-playing game, which is regarded as the predecessor of electronic role-playing games. With a complete set of rules of the game, players play the role of adventurers to participate in the game, relying on paper and pen to record the values and equipment props of the role, telling the players their actions in oral language, and then deciding whether the action is successful by rolling the dice.

Because each game of Dungeons and Dragons is based on the existing complete world view and story, and the behavior of the characters is completely based on the player’s dictation, the game has a high degree of freedom, and the role of DM is to respond to the player’s behavior according to the rules of the game and the story.

For example, before cleaning up the monsters outside the city in the main plot, the player chooses to ask the help of the Lord in the city, while DM will play the role of the Lord, and decide to give the player more or less assistance according to whether the Lord is stingy in setting.

Back on the Hidden Door, AI plays the role of an auxiliary builder of plot and world view, and at the same time replaces the original role of DM, which can help players to free themselves from complex creation and rules and fully devote themselves to the game.

In other words, the creativity of the story comes from people, and AI is more like a helper. When the player is exploring the game, AI is responsible for perfecting the overall story structure, filling in the gaps in the world view and describing the details of the story. When players lack the ability of narrative rhythm, story tension and conflict management, they can also be supplemented by AI.

However, this also means that products like Hidden Door have high requirements for AI’s natural language ability and data processing ability.

Hilary Mason is a data scientist herself. She founded Fast Forward Labs, an AI research company. The company’s first research was about natural language generation. Matt Brandwein, another founder of the company, was the product leader of Cloudera, a data platform company, providing AI and data service support for companies such as eBay and Nokia.

　　　

AIGC narrative game platform technology and mode iteration direction;

More controllable and visual

In fact, Hidden Door can be regarded as the second generation AI narrative game platform, and a similar product named AI Dungeon appeared in 2019.

AI Dungeon is developed by Latitude, a startup company, and is based on the rules of the game similar to Dungeons and Dragons, but it is different from Hidden Door in the game mode. If Hidden Door is an "expansion" in the player’s mind, then AI Dungeon is a "continuation".

AI Dungeon is like a novel written by a player and AI. In the game, there are only words without any graphics. The player is responsible for inputting simple sentences to control the actions and dialogues of the characters, while AI is responsible for the subsequent plot development of the player’s text.

AI Dungeon’s text generation technology is completely based on the GPT model released by OpenAI. AI Dungeon attracted more than 100,000 players within a few months after the official version was launched in December 2019. To this end, OpenAI also provided a professional version for Latitude, and promoted it as a successful product of commercialization of GPT model.

GPT model has now developed to GPT-3, which has become an important technology of AI narration in many games. In the VR game "Modbox", there is already a test version that applies GPT-3 to NPC characters and can have a simple conversation with players.

However, this technology has not been installed in Modbox, because OpenAI has not been authorized to open GPT-3 in the game field on a large scale. One of the important reasons behind it is that GPT-3 still has certain limitations, and some disadvantages have been highlighted on AI Dungeon.

First, it is uncontrollable.. As an AI text generation technology, GPT-3 does not have a sense of morality, and there is no criterion for judging whether the generated text is suitable for players of all ages. In addition, under the game mode of AI Dungeon’s "continuation writing", AI can easily produce illegal and pornographic content under the deliberate guidance of players. This problem began to spread on a large scale in 2021 and caused a bad influence on AI Dungeon.

Second, there are stereotypes.The machine learning of GPT-3 is completely based on the information of the whole Internet, and is influenced by various stereotypes on the Internet. This problem of GPT-3 was publicly discussed at a seminar held by researchers from OpenAI and Stanford University in 2020, but no good solution has been found yet.

In order to solve the above two problems, AI Dungeon had to launch a new filtering system in May, 2021, but the mechanism of this system was extremely rude. In order to prevent child pornography, even the word "five years old" was once not allowed to appear in the game. Moreover, this system has also been pointed out that there is a problem of reading the information of the player’s equipment, and there is a risk of information leakage.

Hidden Door realized the limitations of GPT-3 model, and even published a blog post in official website to point out the problems of GPT-3.On the basis of the first generation AI narrative game platform AI Dungeon, we choose to iterate in the directions of natural language generation technology, game mode and game graphics.

First of all, based on the natural language generation technology accumulated by Hilary Mason in Fast Forward Labs, Hidden Door has developed a new narrative game engine, has an independent machine learning training model, and has set a safer content production standard.

Secondly, it is also the difference of the game mode mentioned above. Hidden Door expands according to the outline provided by the player, which is more controllable.

Finally, AI Dungeon is the expression form of pure words, while Hidden Door introduces the visualization form of 2D graphics generated by AI, which is more intuitive in presentation form.

How AIGC Remodels Interactive Narrative Games

Experience and business model

In recent years, the game has become an important scene where the concept of AIGC has landed, and it covers many dimensions from game development to player play.

Among them, from the current development stage of AI technology, AIGC is closely related to game narrative. It is mainly embodied in shaping a brand-new narrative experience in traditional 3A games, but when it falls into a broader category of interactive narrative, it will bring new inspiration to this category to open up social gameplay and business models.

In fact, as the open world becomes more and more complex, there may actually be thousands of NPCs in a world, but most of them are ordinary passers-by. Some games are trying to make every NPC play a role in the game narrative, and choose to introduce AIGC for this purpose, so as to make the stories of these NPCs intertwined.

For example, in 2021, Ubisoft released Watchdog: Legion, which is a game without a protagonist. Players can play any NPC in the game. Ubisoft, through the self-developed aLiVE group AI system, gives NPC in every city independent personality, ability, life, story and interpersonal relationship, and each NPC has high interactivity and coherence.

You saved an NPC’s life one day, and then that NPC’s friend may give you a helping hand. You see a pickpocket NPC at the gate of the subway station. After a while, you may see him running away after the police. Thanks to the diversity of NPC AI, each player often has a unique game narrative experience in Watchdog: Legion.

From the point of view that the interactive narrative of the game extends to the whole interactive narrative category, the emergence of AIGC narrative game platforms such as AI Dungeon and Hidden Door has actually opened up more social gameplay and business models for interactive narrative games.

Interactive narrative games have accumulated in the European and American markets for many years, especially in the European and American mobile game market, there have been head products such as Episode》《Choice that have developed for many years and have a stable audience. Among them, "Episode" has the best commercial performance and is stable in the top 60 of the best-selling list of iOS games in the United States. This category of track has even attracted China manufacturers to go to sea, such as "Chapters" launched by Chinese online, which ranks among the top 200 best-selling products.

Episode, as a representative old-fashioned product, provides a game platform for players to play and create interactive stories, mainly for young female users. The platform now has 150,000 stories, totaling more than 10 billion story views. In Episode, the story is mainly presented in the form of role dialogue, supplemented by simple CG and animation. Players can connect different stories by choosing different answers in each conversation.

However, the limitations of Episode are becoming more and more obvious. Its gameplay is completely a single story experience, and its social attributes are relatively weak. Players use the built-in UGC creation tools to share their own stories or discuss them on the built-in social network. In terms of business model, Episode takes the common form of free and in-house purchase. Players need to wait for several hours to unlock new chapters, otherwise they need to spend money to unlock them directly. In addition, special options and story lines in some stories also need to spend money to unlock them.

Products such as AI Dungeon have explored some new paths in interactivity, sociality and business model because of the addition of AI technology.

For example, in games such as Episode, the interactivity is reflected in the fact that players can enter different story branches according to different choices, but on the whole, the story is linear and fixed, which cannot support multi-person participation.

And "AI Dugeon" has developed an AI model to deal with multiple players through AI technology, which can give feedback on the interaction of different players. In the business model, AI Dungeon provides more advanced AI models as value-added services to players, such as smarter monster AI models. In the traditional RPG game, Krypton’s pet has a numerical advantage over the free player’s pet, but in AI Dungeon, it is characterized by higher intelligence and stronger interaction.

Of course, due to the immaturity of AI technology, players of "AI Dugeon" need to interact with AI in turn, which greatly slows down the overall game rhythm, and when there are too many people, data confusion often occurs, resulting in poor experience.

Therefore, it can be said that at present, the experience upper limit of this kind of AIGC narrative game platform is mainly determined by the AI technology level, and the more preferred productization idea can make up for the experience to some extent, which is also the exploration direction and operational space of Hidden Door as a new generation product.


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The peak traffic flow out of the city on the National Day has arrived, and the G40 is congested in the direction of Chongming, and it will meet the maximum traffic tomorrow.

(Source: Shangguan News)

"The traffic jam is expected. I don’t know when I can get home." At 18: 30 today, Mr. Wang, who drove back to Qidong, Jiangsu Province, has been stuck in the direction of Gaodong Toll Station on Wuzhou Avenue for more than half an hour: "This section of the road is full of throttle and brakes, and the cars in front and behind are waiting in line, and there is no end at all."

Like Mr. Chen, many citizens start their travel plans in advance the day before the National Day holiday. At 10 o’clock today, the G1503 Gaodong toll gate has ushered in the peak of traffic flow towards Chongming. In the afternoon, red congestion began to appear in some sections of the G40 Yangtze River Tunnel Bridge heading for Chongming.

At about 18: 30 today, the navigation software showed that the connecting sections of G40 Yangtze River Tunnel Bridge and Gaodong Toll Gate had been congested in red.

The congestion of this route will continue until tomorrow night. According to the forecast of Pudong Public Security Traffic Management Detachment, October 1st will be the peak day of traffic flow out of the city, and the traffic flow to Chongming will reach 84,000 vehicles. Under normal circumstances, when the traffic volume of Gaodong toll gate reaches more than 3000 vehicles per hour, the traffic will slow down. By then, it will be hard to avoid the slow traffic congestion on the expressways and expressways in Wuzhou Avenue, S20, G1503 and some ground roads connected with them.

With the centralized release of long holiday travel demand, the road traffic pressure in the city continues to increase, and many urban expressways begin to slow down in the afternoon. After entering the evening peak, the traffic congestion is significantly worse than usual.

The growth of traffic volume also makes the road conditions more complicated, which is prone to traffic accidents such as collision and rear-end collision. Especially in the bridge section of G40 Yangtze River Tunnel, once a traffic accident happens, the congestion will be worse.

In this regard, the public security traffic control has set up a longitudinal deceleration line and a red asphalt pavement at the entrance of the Yangtze River Tunnel in the direction of leaving the city, and carried out safety guidance in real time along the left lane 1 in the tunnel where accidents are most likely to occur, reminding drivers to slow down and prevent rear-end collisions. At the same time, a contour light belt has been set every few hundred meters in the tunnel to help drivers confirm the geographical environment, fix lanes and drive safely.

Original title: "The peak of traffic flow out of the city on National Day has arrived, and the G40 is congested in Chongming, and the maximum traffic will be met tomorrow."

Editor-in-Chief: Wang Haiyan

Source: Author: Liberation Daily Wu Linhua

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